Generated by All in One SEO v4.9.10, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # Israel Legal Advocacy Project Eye on the Law - Getting it Straight ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Pages - [Welcome](https://www.lawandisrael.org/) - We are developing a comprehensive legal and historical digital library concerning Israel. - [War With Iran - 2023-2026](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/war-with-iran-2023-2024/) - Iran's Proxy Wars Against Israel Gaza – Operation Swords of Iron – 2023-26 Timeline of the Conflict [official actions and significant occurrences – with documentation] Reports on the Conflict [including regular reports from COGAT, the IDF, the Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, the Institute for the Study of War, and the Jerusalem Center - [Israel's Admission to the UN](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/independence/israels-admission-to-the-un/) - Israel's application for UN membership approved after three applications. - [Gaza - Operation Swords of Iron - 2023-26](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/gaza-operation-swords-of-iron-2023/) - Current Information. Documentation - [Reports on the Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/gaza-operation-swords-of-iron-2023/daily-weekly-reports-on-the-conflict/) - Humanitarian Aid for Gaza Analysis of the Food Supply to Gaza Analysis of Casualty Statistics Military, Diplomatic and Media Aspects Investigations Into the October 7 Massacre Overview and Additional Source Material on the War in Gaza --> War with Iran –> Timeline of the Conflict in Gaza --> Timeline of the Conflict in Lebanon --> - [Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/hamas-and-the-palestinian-islamic-jihad/) - Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad - Primary purpose and goals, background, terror designations, documentation - [ICC Issues Arrest Warrants for Netanyahu and Gallant](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icc/icc-prosecutors-requests-arrest-warrants-from-the-court/) - ICC Prosecutor Requests Arrest Warrants from the Court' - [Muslim Brotherhood](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/muslim-brotherhood/) - Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad are offshoots of the Muslim Brotherhood. There have also been reports (denied by the Brotherhood) that the Israeli Arab party, Ra’am, which entered the Israeli coalition government that formed in 2021, has links to the Muslim Brotherhood. Founded in Egypt in 1928, the Brotherhood is that country’s oldest Islamist - [Hezbollah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/hezbollah/) - Hezbollah's 2023-2026 war against Israel Hezbollah is a radical Shia group ideologically inspired by the Iranian revolution. Its goals are the "liberation" of Jerusalem, the destruction of Israel, and, ultimately, the establishment of a revolutionary Shia Islamic state in Lebanon, modelled after Iran. Formed in 1982 in response to Israel's invasion of Lebanon, Hezbollah carried - [ICJ Case - South Africa v. Israel - Genocide Accusation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icj/icj-case-south-africa-v-israel-genocide-accusation/) - Initiation of the Case Hearings on the Application The Court's Ruling Subsequent Requests for Additional Measures Intervention by Other States Other Actions Related to the Case Legal Background Commentary, Analysis, Context Initiation of the Case On December 29, 2023, South Africa filed an application instituting proceedings against Israel before the International Court of Justice alleging - [War in Lebanon - 2024-26 - Timeline](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/war-in-lebanon-2024/) - Operation Swords of Iron - Gaza - Overview --> War with Iran --> The Situation in Syria --> Conflict with the Houthis --> Timeline of the Conflict in Gaza --> Reports on All Arenas of the Conflict --> Operation Northern Arrows On 8 Oct 2023, the day after the Hamas invasion into the south of Israel from - [Mavi Marmara Incident](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/gaza/flotillas/) - On 31 May 2010, Israeli military forces intercept vessels attempting to break Israel's blockade. Background, investigations, litigation, documentation. - [Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/termination-of-the-mandate/anglo-american-committee-of-inquiry/) - The genesis of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry grew out of a post-war presidential mission to inquire into the conditions of displaced persons in Europe. A joint inquiry by the United States and United Kingdom seeking a formula for a solution to the Arab–Jewish conflict in Palestine and the Jewish refugees who survived the Holocaust. - [The Genocide Convention](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/holocaust/genocide-convention/) - Documentation on adoption by the UN; Raphael Lemkin; the International Court of Justice and International Criminal Court and Genocide; Ad-Hoc Tribunals, etc. - [Holocaust](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/holocaust/) - Background and documentation concerning: 1952 Reparations Agreement; Nuremberg tribunals; Eichmann trial; Holocaust denial, distortion, restitution, etc. - [Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/iran/) - Iran as a terror state. Threats by Iran against Israel. The call for jihad in Iran's constitution. UN resolutions against Iran. - [Houthis](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/houthis/) - Background Timeline of Official Actions and Significant Occurrences The Houthis, Gaza and Operation Swords of Iron – 2023-26 Formal Designation of the Houthis as a Terrorist Organization UN Security Council Considerations Regarding the Houthis Further Information The Houthi movement, officially the Ansar Allah, is a Zaydi Shia Islamist political and military organization that emerged from - [Jewish Refugees from Muslim Lands](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/refugees/jews/) - Jewish refugees fled or were expelled from communities in the Middle East and North Africa. - [Anti-Terror Instruments - Regional](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/anti-terrorism-legislation/anti-terror-legislation-regional/) - Documentation on anti-terrorism instruments in Africa, the Americas, Arab and Islamic Countries, Asia, Europe - [Sokolow Litigation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/anti-terrorism-litigation/united-states-terror-litigation/sokolow-litigation/) - Timeline of the Sokolow litigation; primary case documents; court dockets - [Anti-Terror Law - Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/anti-terrorism-legislation/anti-terror-legislation-israel/) - Documentation - Counter-Terrorism Laws; Money Laundering and Terror (laws, orders, regulations) - [Gaza - Operation Cast Lead – 2008](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/gaza-operation-cast-lead-2008/) - Gaza - Operation Cast Lead - 2008. Background, timeline, documentation - [International Criminal Court](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icc/) - Background - How the Court Works - The ICC and Israel - The ICC and the Palestinians - Proceedings: (1) Gaza Flotilla Incident; (2) "Palestine" Situation. - [Anti-Terror Instruments - International](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/anti-terrorism-legislation/anti-terror-united-nations/) - Global Offices and Organizations, Multilateral Conventions on Terrorism, UN General Assembly Resolutions, UN Security Council Resolutions, Other Materials - [Anti-Terror Law - Europe](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/anti-terrorism-legislation/anti-terror-laws-europe/) - European regional and individual country counter-terrorism legislation.... - [The League of Nations: The ‘Great Experiment’](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/mandate/timeline/the-league-of-nations-the-great-experiment/) - The League of Nations: The ‘Great Experiment’ and the Failure of Collective Security, 1916-1936, by Dr. Alan Sharp. - [BDS Litigation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/bds/bds-litigation/) - Description and court documents on BDS litigation in Israel, Europe, and the United States. Labeling cases in Europe and Canada. - [Abraham Accords - 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/peace-agreements/peace-agreements-2020/) - Abraham Accords - Declaration and Remarks at Signing. Agreements with United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan and Morocco. - [Palestine Action - UK](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/palestine-action-uk/) - Background Palestine Action is a pro-Palestinian activist group founded in July 2020 in the United Kingdom, focused on disrupting the arms industry, particularly targeting Israeli weapons manufacturer Elbit Systems. The organization employs direct action tactics, including protests, occupations, vandalism, and property damage, to oppose what it describes as Israel's "apartheid regime" and military actions in - [General Assembly](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/unitednations/general-assembly/) - Background and documentation - Standing Committees, Emergency Special Sessions, Special Sessions, legal status of General Assembly resolutions, selected legal literature - [Anti-Semitism](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/anti-semitism/) - Materials and Documentation on various aspects of Anti-Semitism. List of countries adopting IHRA definition. Selected legislative enactments and litigation. - [The League of Nations - From Founding to Dissolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/mandate/timeline/) - The Palestine Mandate was established as part of the League of Nations' mandate system. Thus, an overview of the League is helpful, including its founding, the mandate system, and the League's eventual demise, in order to see the Palestine Mandate within its larger institutional context. The League of Nations' formal existence began on 10 Jan - [BDS Legislation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/bds/anti-bds-legislation/) - Documentation of BDS legislation in Israel, the United States (federal and state), and Europe (EU and individual countries). - [Gaza - Operation Guardian of the Walls - 2021](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/gaza-operation-guardian-of-the-walls-2021/) - Gaza - Operation Guardian of the Walls - 2021. Background, timeline, documentation - [Oslo Process - 1993 to 2003](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/oslo-accords-from-1993/) - Secret negotiations, facilitated by the Norwegian government in Oslo, began in 1992, between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The negotiations led to a series of understandings and agreements, beginning with a declaration of principles, signed in Washington in September 1993. The initial enthusiasm generated by the process quickly soured, punctuated by disputes, incitement, - [The ICC's Decision on Territorial Jurisdiction](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icc/courts-decision-on-jurisdiction/) - Ruling on the Court's territorial jurisdiction over Judea, Samaria, Gaza, and "East" Jerusalem , 5 Feb 2021. Documentation, commentary - [Israel - Basic Laws](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/israel-law/) - Israel - Basic Laws. Background and summaries. Hebrew compilation and English translations. Comparison of Nation State Law with constitutions of other countries. - [Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/syria/) - In a major development that has changed the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East, the Bashar al-Assad regime in Syria collapsed in a matter of days in the face of a sudden challenge by rebel forces, just after a cease-fire was declared between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The rapid collapse and Israel's concern over - [ICJ Case – Advisory Opinion on the Wall (Security Barrier)](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icj/icj-case-security-barrier-in-judea-and-samaria/) - The UN General Assembly on 8 Dec 2003, meeting in special session, adopted Resolution ES-10/14, requesting an advisory opinion from the ICJ. - [Gaza - Operation Pillar of Defense – 2012](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/gaza-operation-pillar-of-defense-2012/) - Gaza - Operation Pillar of Defense - 2012. Background, timeline, documentation - [Gaza - Operation Protective Edge – 2014](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/israels-wars/gaza-operation-protective-edge-2014/) - Gaza - Operation Protective Edge - 2014. Background, timeline, documentation - [About](https://www.lawandisrael.org/about/) - The primary purpose of this website of the Israel Legal Advocacy Project is to provide a comprehensive documentary database of legal and related materials, both contemporary and historical, concerning Israel. We endeavor to provide accurate and comprehensive information on law and legal issues concerning the State of Israel and, where relevant, as they impact the - [Al-Aqsa Martyr's Brigade](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/al-aqsa-martyrs-brigade/) - The Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigade (AAMB) emerged at the outset of the 2000 Palestinian al-Aqsa intifada and consists of loose cells of Palestinian militants loyal to, but not under the direct control of, the secular-nationalist Fatah party. The AAMB attacks Israeli military targets and Israeli settlers, aiming to expel Israeli presence from the West Bank and - [ICJ Case - Nicaragua v. Germany - Genocide Accusation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icj/icj-case-nicaragua-v-germany-genocide-accusation/) - On 1 Mar 2024, Nicaragua filed an application instituting proceedings against Germany before the International Court of Justice alleging violations of the Genocide Convention. Nicaragua claims that by providing political, financial and military support to Israel and by defunding the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), “Germany - [PFLP and Affiliates](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/pflp-and-affiliates/) - Formed in 1967, the goals of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) are the destruction of the State of Israel and the establishment of a communist government in Palestine. During the 1970s, the group took part in some of the boldest terrorist attacks of the period, such as hijacking three civilian airliners - [Zivotofsky Litigation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/jerusalem/zivotofsky/) - Timeline of Zivotofsky litigation; primary case documents; court dockets; other resources - [Klieman Litigation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/terrorism/anti-terrorism-litigation/united-states-terror-litigation/kleiman-litigation/) - Estate of Esther Klieman v. Palestinian Authority et al., 04-cv-01173 (D.D.C., filed 13 Jul 2004) Lawsuit seeking hundreds of millions of dollars in damages by plaintiffs for the murder of a 23 year old woman who was on the way to work. On 24 Mar 2002, terrorist operatives under the control of of the Palestine - [Records of the 1945 San Francisco UNCIO Conference](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/unitednations/creation-of-the-un/records-of-the-san-francisco-conference/) - UN Conference on International Organization (UNCIO) - held in San Francisco, 1945 - 21 Volumes, primarily in English and French - [U.S. State Anti-BDS Legislation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/bds/anti-bds-legislation/u-s-state-legislation/) - Tables and documentation of individual state anti-BDS enactments beginning in 2015. Links to court challenges. - [Members of the League of Nations](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/mandate/timeline/members-of-the-league-of-nations/) - Table listing members of the League of Nations, with dates of admission and, where applicable, dates of withdrawal - [Records of the Paris Peace Conference](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/mandate/timeline/records-of-the-paris-peace-conference/) - Documentation on the Paris Peace Conference of 1919: US Foreign Relations Series on the Conference; Temperley, A History of the Peace Conference; other sources. - [Selected World Constitutions](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/israel-law/selected-world-constitutions/) - Comparison of Israel's Nation-State Law to the Constitutions of selected other countries with respect to religion and ethnicity. - [U.S. State Anti-Boycott Enactments from the mid-1970s](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/topical/bds/anti-bds-legislation/u-s-state-anti-arab-boycott-enactments-in-the-mid-1970s/) - Analysis and documentation of the provisions in each state's law. Other states in which anti-boycott laws were proposed during the 1970s but not enacted. - [Peace With Jordan - 1994](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/peace-agreements/peace-with-jordan-1994/) - Documentation concerning peace with Jordan - Common Agenda, Washington Declaration, Peace Treaty-Maps-Appendices, Further Reading. 2019 Return of Land. - [Formal Complaint Against the ICC Prosecutor](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icc/formal-complaint-against-the-icc-prosecutor/) - Shurat HaDin's formal complaint, filed on 18 January 2021 against the ICC Prosecutor for biased and unethical conduct. Background and documentation - [ICC & Palestine - Amicus Submissions on Jurisdiction](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icc/icc-amicus-submissions-on-jurisdiction-over-palestine-situation/) - Response in 2020 by amicus parties to the ICC Prosecutor's determination that the Court has jurisdiction to rule on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. - [Submissions to the ICC on Accession by the Palestinian Authority](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/litigation/icc/list-of-submissions-in-2010-on-pa-accession-to-icc/) - List of and access to documents submitted to the ICC and referenced in the 2010 summary issued by the ICC Office of the Prosecutor - [The Rise of Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/the-rise-of-israel/) - The Rise of Israel - a 39 volume resource of more than 1,900 documents from the 19th Century to 1948. Tables of contents and access to 18 of the 39 volumes. - [UNSCOP](https://www.lawandisrael.org/library/historical/termination-of-the-mandate/unscop/) - 29 May to 7 Aug 1947 UNSCOP Meetings[table id=20 responsive=scroll /] - [Notify User of New Pages](https://www.lawandisrael.org/notify-user-of-new-pages/) - Be notified when new pages go live. 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Denied](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/gilmore-cert-denied/) - [Livnat - Cert. Denied](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/livnat-cert-denied/) - [Sokolow - SupCt Remand 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/sokolow-supct-remand-2020/) - [Sokolow - Cong. Amici](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/sokolow-cong-amici/) - [Sokolow - Cert. Den. 2018](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/sokolow-cert-den-2018/) - [Dutch Hezbollah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/dutch-hezbollah/) - [Muslim Brotherhood - NA Goal](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/muslim-brotherhood-na-goal/) - [Terrorists in Suits](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/terrorists-in-suits/) - [Recognizing Anti-Zionist Antisemitism](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/recognizing-anti-zionist-antisemitism/) - [Mandates](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/mandates-british-cameroons/) - [Japan Designations Hamas and PIJ](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/japan-designations-hamas-and-pij/) - [Iranian Involvement in Gaza 2021](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/iranian-involvement-in-gaza-2021/) - [Cast Lead - Investigation Update](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/cast-lead-investigation-update/) - [Gaza-2012 ITIC Updates](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/gaza-2012-itic-updates/) - [Gaza Conflict 2008 Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/pdfviewer/gaza-conflict-2008-ceasefire/) ## Downloads - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7346/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7383/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7384/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7385/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7386/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7387/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7388/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7389/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7390/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7391/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7392/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7393/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7394/) - [PMC-Min-18](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3/) - [PMC-Rept-2](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-4](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-37](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-36](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-35](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-34](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-33](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-32](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-31](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-30](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-29](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-28](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-27](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-26](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-25](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-24](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-22](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-23](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-21](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-20](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-19](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-18](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-17](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-16](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-15](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-14](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3-2/) - [PMC-Rept-13](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-3/) - [PMC-Rept-12](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-11](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-10](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-9](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-8](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-7](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-6](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-5](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-3](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Rept-1](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-37](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-36](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-35](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-34](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-33](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-32](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-31](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-30](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-29](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-28](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-27](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-26](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-25](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-24](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-23](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-22](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-20](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-21](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-19](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-17](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-16](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-15](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-14](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-13](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-12](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-11](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-10](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-9](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-8](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-7](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-6](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-5](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-4](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-3](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2-2/) - [PMC-Min-2](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1-2/) - [PMC-Min-1](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/pmc-min-1/) - [UNCIO21](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO20](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO19](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO18](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO17](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO16](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO15](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO14](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO13](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO12](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO11](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO10](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO9](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO8](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO7](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO6](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO5](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO4](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2-2/) - [UNCIO3](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2-2/) - [UNCIO2](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1-2/) - [UNCIO1](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/uncio1/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7324/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7341/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7340/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7339/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7338/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7337/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7336/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7335/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7334/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7333/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7332/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7330/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7331/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7329/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7315/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7316/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7317/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7318/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7319/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7320/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7321/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7322/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7323/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7325/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7326/) - [](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_downloads/7307/) ## Timeline Stories - [Trilateral Framework Signed](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/trilateral-framework-signed/) - Israel and Lebanon, with the support of the United States, affirmed the goal of achieving peace and security in the signing of a trilateral framework. Trilateral Framework (26 Jun 2026) Remarks on Signing in Washington (26 Jun 2026) Yuval Rosenberg, The Israel-Lebanon Framework Agreement: Insights and Responses (29 Jun 2026) Robert Satloff, 14 Points on the - [Security Council Reviews Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-situation-in-syria-2/) - Security Council speakers praise Syria’s ‘Positive Trajectory’, as humanitarian needs, political delays, and Israeli incursions test fragile gains. Meetings Coverage (SC/16393) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Renews UNDOF Force for Six Months](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-renews-undof-force-for-six-months-2/) - The Security Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) in the Golan Heights for six months, until 30 Jun 2026. Meetings Coverage (SC/16269) Minutes of the Meeting Resolution 2811 - [Security Council Renews UNDOF Force for Six Months](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-tense-situation-in-syria/) - The Security Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) in the Golan Heights for six months, until 31 Dec 2026. Meetings Coverage (SC/16398) Minutes of the Meeting Resolution 2824 - [Memorandum of Understanding Between the U.S. and Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/memorandum-of-understanding-signed-by-the-u-s-and-iran/) - Memorandum of Understanding (17 Jun 2026) Joint Statement by Qatar and Pakistan (22 Jun 2026) Joint Statement of the United States and the Gulf Cooperation Council (25 Jun 2026) - [Israel and the United States Attack Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/gaza-administrative-committee-announced-2/) - Israel's operation "Roaring Lion" and the United States' operation "Epic Fury" began in the morning hours of Saturday, February 28. The initial early morning attack resulted in the elimination of over 40 senior Iranian officials and commanders, including the Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khameini. Statement by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (28 Feb 2026) Transcript - Video: - [Israel and Lebanon Agree on New Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-and-lebanon-agree-on-new-cease-fire/) - The agreement states that the ceasefire is contingent on a complete cessation of Hezbollah fire and the evacuation of all Hezbollah operatives from the South Litani Sector. Hezbollah rejected the ceasefire. U.S. Department of State, Joint Statement (3 Jun 2026) Ynet, Hezbollah chief rejects ceasefire deal, calls it ‘humiliating’ as sirens sound across Galilee (4 Jun - [Security Council Delegates Condemn Iranian Drone Strike on UAE Nuclear Plant](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-delegates-condemn-iranian-drone-strike-on-uae-nuclear-plant/) - The Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) outlined the “gravely concerning” drone attacks on the Barakah Nuclear Power Plant on 17 May. Meetings Coverage (SC/16362) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council, in an Emergency Meeting, Debates the Situation in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-in-an-emergency-meeting-debates-the-situation-in-lebanon/) - In an emergency meeting following Israel’s advance into Lebanon — the furthest in over 20 years — the Security Council heard calls for a lasting ceasefire, as many speakers contrasted Israel’s right to defend itself against Hezbollah with its duty to follow international law. Meetings Coverage (SC/16376) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli - [Security Council Reviews the Status in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-the-status-of-gaza/) - Gaza’s High Representative on the Board of Peace briefed the Security Council on the "tenuous" ceasefire in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/16364) Minutes of the Meeting Report from the Board of Peace (15 May 2026) Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Discusses the Transition in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-transition-in-syria/) - The Security Council discussed the extent to which there has been progress towards accountability and international engagement. Israel's occupation of the Syrian Golan was brought up. Meetings Coverage (SC/16358) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses the Hormuz Strait Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-hormuz-straits-situation/) - The Security Council heard calls to restore freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz, including one by the Secretary-General. Meetings Coverage (SC/16349) Minutes of the Meeting Letter from Bahrain to the UN (20 Apr 2026) - [Israel Enacts Law for Prosecution for the October 7 Massacre Events](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-enacts-law-for-the-prosecution-for-the-october-7-massacre-events/) - The law was passed by a unanimous vote of 93 to 0. Knesset Press Release (12 May 2026) The Law - Hebrew (5 Jan 2026) Jerusalem Post, Knesset passes law to prosecute October 7 terrorists, conduct public trials in Jerusalem (11 May 2026) - [Security Council Reviews Efforts Toward a Transition in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-efforts-towards-a-transition-in-gaza/) - The Security Council heard updates on proposals for a transitional governance structure and reconstruction efforts in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/16350) Minutes of the Meeting Resumption 1 Resumption 2 Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Lebanon Files Complaint With the United Nations Against Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/lebanon-files-complaint-with-the-united-nations-against-iran/) - Letter from Lebanon to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council (21 Apr 2026) The New Arab, Lebanon files unprecedented formal complaint against Iran to UN (13 May 2026) Alarabiya, Lebanon files UN complaint against Iran over interference, Hezbollah-Israel war (13 May 2026) - [Trump's Notifies Congress of the End of Operation Epic Fury](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/trumps-notice-to-congress-of-the-end-of-operation-epic-fury/) - Notice to Congress (1 May 2026) Jerusalem Post, Trump says Iran war 'terminated,' as war powers deadline arrives (1 May 2026) The Conversation, Why the 60-day War Powers Resolution deadline doesn’t actually constrain presidents (1 May 2026) - [Security Council Calls for Co-operation with the League of Arab States](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-calls-for-co-operation-with-the-league-of-arab-states/) - Complementing a held earlier in the day on collaboration between the United Nations and the Gulf Cooperation Council, the Security Council met again in the afternoon to underline the importance of similar cooperation with the League of Arab States amidst multiple ongoing crises in the Middle East region. Meetings Coverage (SC/16329) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses the Attacks in Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-discusses-situation-in-syria/) - In an emergency meeting, the Security Council discussed the military strikes on Iran by Israel and the United States, and Iran’s counterattacks on United States army bases in Gulf countries. Meetings Coverage (SC/16307) Minutes of the Meeting Letter from the United States Ambassador (10 Mar 2026) Remarks by the United States Ambassador Remarks by the - [Security Council Holds Emergency Meeting After US Bombs Iranian Nuclear Sites](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-holds-emergency-meeting-after-us-bombing-in-iran/) - After the United States bombed Iran's nuclear sites at Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan, the Security Council met to consider potential outbreak of wider war amid calls for diplomacy. Meetings Coverage (SC/16095) Minutes of the Meeting Letter from the U.S. Chargé d’affaires (27 Jun 2025) Remarks by the U.S. Representative Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [30 March 2026](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/30-march-2026/) - The Second Circuit Court of Appeals, after remand from the Supreme Court, affirmed the District Court's 2015 judgment in favor of the plaintiffs. Court's Ruling Reinstating the District Court's 2015 Judgment - [General Assembly Debates Strait of Hormuz Closure](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/general-assembly-debates-strait-of-hormuz-closure/) - The General Assembly heard explanations from China and the Russian Federation regarding their use of the veto on 7 April, when they rejected a Security Council draft resolution submitted by Gulf States. Meetings Coverage (SC/12758) Verbatim Record Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Iran Launches Massive Attack Against Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/iran-launches-massive-attack-against-israel/) - Iran launched a massive barrage at Israel, estimated at more than 300 drones, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles. This is reportedly the largest drone/missile attack ever. Israel responded, along with the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Jordan. Most of the projectiles were eliminated outside of Israeli airspace. Operational Update by the IDF, Successful - [Ten-Day Ceasefire Begins in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/ten-day-ceasefire-begins-in-lebanon/) - U.S. Department of State, Press Release (16 Apr 2026) Statement by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (16 Apr 2026) Statements on Truth Social by President Donald Trump (16 Apr 2026) Reuters, Trump says Lebanon and Israel have reached 10-day ceasefire (16 Apr 2026) Anadolu Agency, Hezbollah lawmaker demands end to Israeli operations under ceasefire deal (17 Apr - [Security Council Discusses Gaza, Judea, and Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-gaza-judea-and-samaria/) - The Security Council received an update on two prior resolutions, 2334 (2016) and 2803 (2025). "Settler violence" in Judea and Samaria was one of the topics of discussion. Meetings Coverage (SC/16321) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador Liel Leibowitz, Why They Lie About ‘Jewish Terrorists’ (29 Mar 2026) Gadi Taub, The Settler - [Gulf States' Security Council Resolution Vetoed](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/gulf-states-security-council-resolution-vetoed/) - The Security Council rejected a draft resolution submitted by several Gulf States that would have strongly encouraged countries to coordinate defensive efforts and deter attempts to interfere with international navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. The resolution was rejected by a vote of 11 in favor to 2 against (China, Russian Federation), with 2 abstentions - [Security Council Calls for Co-operation with the GCC](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-calls-for-co-operation-with-the-gcc/) - In an agreed presidential statement submitted by the representative of Bahrain in his capacity as Council President for April, the Security Council recognized the Gulf Cooperation Council’s “position and expertise in understanding and promoting regional sustainable peace and security”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16328) Minutes of the Meeting Statement by the President of the Security Council - [Security Council Discusses Situation with Hezbollah in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-situation-of-hezbollah-in-lebanon/) - The Security Council convened an emergency meeting following the deaths of three peacekeepers. Delegates traded accusations over who was responsible. Meetings Coverage (SC/16326) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [U.S. Begins Blockade of the Strait of Hormuz](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-announces-blockade-of-strait-of-hormuz/) - Times of Israel, With US military set to blockade Iranian ports, Tehran says move ‘amounts to piracy’ (13 Apr 2026) Statements on Truth Social by President Donald Trump (12 & 13 Apr 2026) Press Release, U.S. Central Command (12 Apr 2026) Post on X by the U.S. Central Command (14 Apr 2026) - [Hezbollah Attacks Israel, Breaking Cease-Fire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/hezbollah-attacks-israel-breaking-cease-fire/) - Hezbollah, breaking the cease-fire with Israel, fired some three rockets at cities across northern Israel, the first attack on Israel by Hezbollah from Lebanon since November 2024. The attacks were met with an immediate response from Israel. Times of Israel, IDF strikes in Beirut after Hezbollah enters fray and fires rockets, drones at north (2 - [Two-Week Ceasefire of Iran War Announced](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/two-week-ceasefire-of-iran-war-announced/) - Gateway Pundit, President Trump Announces Double-Sided Ceasefire, Agrees to Suspend Iran Bombing for Two Weeks – Iran Accepts (7 Apr 2026) Statement on Telegram by President Donald Trump (8 Apr 2026) Statement on X by Iranian Foreign Minister Sayed Aragchi (8 Apr 2026) Statement on Truth Social by President Donald Trump (8 Apr 2026) Statement on - [Security Council Condemns Iranian Attacks Against Its Neighbors](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-condemns-iranian-attacks-against-its-neighbors/) - The Security Council adopted a resolution condemning Iran’s “egregious attacks” against its regional neighbors amid the violence in the Middle East, while rejecting a second draft tabled by the Russian Federation. The resolution was approved by a vote of 13 in favor, with Russia and China abstaining. The draft resolution was rejected by a vote - [Security Council Debates Iran's Nuclear Program](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-debates-iran-nuclear-program/) - The Security Council debated Iran’s nuclear program amid tensions in the Middle East, as the Russian Federation and China challenged the legality of United Nations sanctions on Tehran under the “snapback” mechanism. Meetings Coverage (SC/16316) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Considers Effect of Regional Conflicts on Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-considers-effect-of-regional-conflicts-on-syria/) - United Nations officials told the Security Council that the escalation in the Middle East is spilling into Syria, driving cross-border displacement and civilian casualties. Meetings Coverage (SC/16319) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Reviews the Situation with Hezbollah in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-the-situation-with-hezbollah-in-lebanon/) - “Lebanon is exhausted by other people’s wars”, the Security Council heard during a briefing on the country, as Iran and Israel were urged to stop fighting their war in its territory. The Israeli ambassador stated that either the Lebanese Government takes “real action to restrain Hizbullah”, or Israel will use its strength to dismantle it. - [Security Council Again Reviews The Situation in Gaza, Judea, and Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-the-hezbellah-situation-in-lebanon/) - The Security Council is urged to consolidate the Gaza ceasefire and ease the ‘profound’ suffering of Palestinians. Gideon Saar, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Israel, urged the UN to “wake up before it loses its remaining importance, influence and status”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16299) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Foreign Minister - [Board of Peace Convenes for First Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/board-of-peace-convenes-for-first-meeting/) - Board of Peace Blog, Board of Peace Convenes Inaugural Meeting 19 Feb 2026) President Trump Participates in the Board of Peace Event, YouTube (19 Feb 2026) NPR, Trump gathers members of Board of Peace for first meeting, with some U.S. allies wary (19 Feb 2026) FDD, Trump Hosts Inaugural Board of Peace Meeting (19 Feb 2026) - [Board of Peace Charter Ratified](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/board-of-peace-charter-ratified/) - White House, President Trump Ratifies Board of Peace in Historic Ceremony, Opening Path to Hope and Dignity for Gazans (22 Jan 2026) President Trump Participates in the Board of Peace Charter Announcement, YouTube (22 Jan 2026) Jerusalem Post, US President Donald Trump, world leaders sign Gaza Board of Peace's official charter (22 Jan 2026) Signed - [Condemnation of Iranian Attacks by Numerous Nations](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/condemnation-of-iranian-attacks-by-numerous-nations/) - Joint Statement Issued by the Consultative Ministerial Meeting of Foreign Ministers of the Group of Arab and Islamic Countries on Iranian Aggressions (19 Mar 2026) Joint Statement from the Leaders of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Japan, Canada and others on the Strait of Hormuz (19 Mar 2026) Joint Statement on the - [Security Council Reviews Tense Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-situation-in-syria/) - The Security Council was told by the Assistant Secretary-General for Middle East, Europe, the Americas, Asia and the Pacific, that the situation in Syria remains “very tense with exchanges of fire”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16280) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Reviews Situation in Gaza, Judea and Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-situation-in-gaza-judea-and-samaria/) - As the Security Council gathered the day after the body of the last Israeli hostage in Gaza was retrieved, the UN's Deputy Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process urged the consolidation of the tenuous ceasefire and discussed the situation in Judea and Samaria. The Israeli ambassador stressed that Israel's goals included "every hostage - [Security Council Discusses Crackdown by the Iranian Regime](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-renews-undof-mandate-2/) - The Security Council today heard harrowing testimony from Iranian journalists who said they had been targeted for assassination and tortured by their own Government, as Washington, D.C., made clear to Tehran that “all options are on the table to stop the slaughter”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16269) Video of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses Iranian Nuclear Ambitions](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-renews-undof-force-for-six-months/) - Iran has provided “no information” to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on the status of its enriched uranium stockpiles, a top UN official told the Security Council, as members split over the “snapback” mechanism and many urged parties to return to negotiations to pursue a diplomatic solution.. Meetings Coverage (SC/16263) Minutes of the - [Security Council Discusses Israel's Attack on Hamas Leadership in Qatar](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-israels-attack-on-hamas-leadership-in-qatar/) - The Security Council was briefed on and discussed Israel's attack against Hamas leaders in Doha, Qatar. Meetings Coverage (SC/16164) Minutes of the Meeting Security Council, Press Statement on Doha Strikes (11 Sep 2025) Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador Resolution 1373 (2001) - [Security Council Discusses Mission to Syria and Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-mission-to-syria-and-lebanon/) - The visiting mission’s co-leads — Slovenia, Algeria, and Denmark — told the Security Council that the objective of the visit to Syria and Lebanon two weeks prior was “to build trust." Meetings Coverage (SC/16255) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses Gaza Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-gaza-ceasefire-2/) - During the Security Council's discussion, the Deputy Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process stated that, “The ceasefire remains fragile, as we have seen with continued attacks and strikes in Gaza”. The Israeli Ambassador outlined five priorities for the Council that concerned disarming Hamas in Gaza, addressing Iranian-backed terrorism in Lebanon, reforming the Palestinian - [Security Council Discusses the 20-Point Gaza Plan](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-20-point-gaza-plan/) - The Security Council met to consider pathways for advancing to the second phase of implementing the “Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict”, also known as the 20-point plan, announced by Donald Trump in late September. Meetings Coverage (SC/16231) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Gaza Administrative Committee Announced](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/gaza-administrative-committee-announced/) - The formation of the National Committee for the Administration of Gaza (NCAG), as part of the implementation of Phase Two of the 20-point Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict, the roadmap to end the conflict in Gaza. Statement on President Trump’s Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict (16 Jan 2026) Charter of the - [All remaining living hostages return to Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/all-remaining-living-hostages-return-to-israel/) - Times of Israel, All 20 remaining living hostages return to Israel, after over 2 years in Hamas captivity (13 Oct 2025) Return of bodies of deceased hostages: Times of Israel, Israel receives 4 hostages’ bodies from Red Cross; demands Hamas hand over the other 24 (13 Oct 2025) Times of Israel, Hamas returns bodies of - [Security Council Discusses the Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-situation-in-syria-2/) - The Director of Financing and Outreach Division, Office of the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs called on the international community to prioritize three actions: sustained engagement to de-escalate conflicts; increased funding, as the Syria appeal is only 26 per cent funded; and large-scale, targeted investment in reconstruction and development. Meetings Coverage (SC/16227) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Authorizes International Force in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-authorizes-international-force-in-gaza/) - The Security Council adopted a resolution endorsing the United States-backed “Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict”, welcoming the establishment of the "Board of Peace" and authorizing the Board and Member States working with it to establish a temporary International Stabilization Force in Gaza to operate until the end of 2027. The vote on the - [Security Council Removes Sanctions from Two Syrian Leaders](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-gaza-ceasefire/) - The Security Council adopted a resolution, with 14 voting in favor and 1 abstention (China), which removed Syria’s transitional president and interior minister from the ISIL (Da’esh), Al-Qaida Sanctions List. Meetings Coverage (SC/16214) Minutes of the Meeting Resolution 2799 - [Security Council Discusses Gaza Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-gaza-ceasefire/) - During the Security Council's discussion, Israel's ambassador stressed that "one truth must be faced: Hamas must go, Hamas must disarm” - blueprints and promises of reconstruction "will not stop bullets, only real disarmament will; now is the time to turn words into pressure, and hopefully, pressure into peace”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16200) Minutes of the Meeting - [Sokolow & Fuld - Sup. Ct. - 20 Jun 2025](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/sokolow-sup-ct/) - The U.S. Supreme Court, in a unanimous 9-0 ruling, held that American victims of terror can sue the Palestinian Authority (PA) and the PLO in U.S. courts. The Court reversed and remanded the contrary decision of the Court of Appeals. Petition for Certiorari Petition for Certiorari Granted Brief for Petitioners Fuld and Sokolow Brief for - [Security Council Discusses Chemical Weapons in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-chemical-weapons-in-syria/) - The Security Council was told that evidence of nerve agents was found in samples collected from a site in Syria, and information suggests that over 100 additional locations may have been involved in chemical-weapons-related activities in the country. It was claimed that Israel's military strikes may impede the work to remove those weapons. Meetings Coverage - [Security Council Again Fails to Adopt a Resolution that Would Continue Iran Sanctions Relief](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-again-fails-to-adopt-a-resolution-that-would-continue-iran-sanctions-relief/) - The Security Council failed to adopt a resolution that would have extended United Nations sanctions relief under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The draft resolution was rejected by a vote of 9 against (Denmark, France, Greece, Panama, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, Somalia, United Kingdom, United States) to 4 in favor (Algeria, China, Pakistan, Russian - [Security Council Discusses Yemen - Condemns Detention of UN Personnel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-yemen-condemns-detention-of-un-personnel/) - The Security Council condemned the arbitrary detention of United Nations personnel. The Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen warned that Yemen’s conflict — exacerbated by regional hostilities, food insecurity, and attacks on aid workers — demands urgent dialogue and a renewed focus on a Yemeni-led peace process. Meetings Coverage (SC/16169) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Briefing on Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-briefing-on-gaza/) - Meetings Coverage (SC/16183) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the U.S. Ambassador Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [The Security Council Meets on Rosh Hashanah to Discuss Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-meets-on-rosh-hashanah-to-discuss-gaza/) - The U.S. Representative: “It is deeply regrettable that Council members have opted to convene this high-level UN Security Council briefing on Gaza on Rosh Hashanah — the Jewish New Year — knowing full well that that decision excludes Israel.” He added, that, unfortunately, the main outcome of the Council’s over 80 meetings on this issue - [Israel-Hamas Ceasefire-Hostage Deal Signed](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-hamas-ceasefire-hostage-deal-signed/) - Implementation Agreement (9 Oct 2025) Times of Israel, Full text of Oct. 9 Israel-Hamas deal on Trump’s plan for ‘comprehensive end’ to Gaza war (14 Oct 2025) - [Sharm el-Sheikh Peace Summit](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/sharm-el-sheikh-peace-summit/) - President Trump, along with the leaders of Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey, signed a declaration welcoming Trump's 20-point peace plan. The Trump Declaration for Enduring Peace and Prosperity (13 Oct 2025) Trump’s 20-point ‘comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict’ (29 Sep 2025) Times of Israel, At Sharm summit, Trump and world leaders sign up for peace - [UNRWA Funding Freeze](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/unrwa-funding-freeze/) - Several countries freeze funding for UNRWA in response to the organization's complicity in Hamas atrocities – List Hearing, US House of Representatives (30 Jan 2024) WSJ, Intelligence Reveals Details of U.N. Agency Staff’s Links to Oct. 7 Attack (29 Jan 2024) Reuters, Israel accuses 190 UN staff of being 'hardened' militants (29 Jan 2024 ) - [Israel and Hamas Accept First Phase of Trump's Peace Plan](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-and-hamas-accept-first-phase-of-trumps-peace-plan/) - COL Live, Hamas Accepts Trump Peace Plan, Hostages to Be Returned (8 Oct 2025) Israeli Prime Minister's Office, Announcement on acceptance of the first phase (10 Oct 2025) Arutz Sheva, Deal moves forward: Government approves framework for release of all hostages (10 Oct 25) - [Security Council Meets After Israel's Air Attack Against Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meets-after-israels-air-attack-against-iran/) - The Security Council considers the situation between Israel and Iran after Israel attacks Iran. Meetings Coverage (SC/16087) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador Letter to Security Council from Israeli Foreign Minister (17 Jun 2025) - [Trump Proposes 20-Point Peace Plan](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/hamas-rejects-trumps-20-point-plan/) - Twenty-point comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict’(29 Sep 2025) Trump, Netanyahu statements on deal to end Gaza war (29 Sep 2025) Joint statement by the foreign ministers of eight Muslim states (29 Sep 2025) - [Hamas/Sumud Gaza Flotilla Intercepted by Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/hamas-flotilla-to-gaza-intercepted-by-israel/) - IDF Press Release (3 Oct 2025) Israel Foreign Ministry, Total "aid" found on the flotilla, X Post (6 Oct 2025) Israel Foreign Ministry, Official Hamas documents prove Hamas’s direct involvement in the Gaza flotilla (30 Sep 2025) Jerusalem Post, Israel deports 171 Gaza flotilla activists (6 Oct 2025) Claims of Detainee Abuse Denied Brian Cox, International Law - [Security Council Fails to Adopt a Resolution that Would Continue Iran Sanctions Relief](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-fails-to-adopt-resolution-that-would-continue-iran-sanctions-relief/) - An attempt to pass a Security Council resolution that would have continued sanctions relief failed by a vote of 4 in favor (Algeria, China, Pakistan, Russian Federation) to 9 against — with 2 abstentions (Guyana, Republic of Korea). Meetings Coverage (SC/16175) Minutes of the Meeting Draft Resolution - [Security Council Hears False Claims of Famine in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-false-claims-of-famine-in-gaza/) - Israel's representative called the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification’s report “fabricated”. He said it “lowered its own threshold to manufacture the so-called famine”, employing flawed methods while disregarding broader data that did not support its findings. He further pointed out that across its 50 pages, “the word Hamas is not mentioned once”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16157) - [General Assembly Debate on Security Council Veto of Resolution on Gaza Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/general-assembly-debate-on-security-council-veto-of-resolution-on-gaza-ceasefire/) - Meetings Coverage (GA/12727) Special report of the Security Council (23 Sep 2025) Standing mandate for a General Assembly debate when a veto is cast in the Security Council (28 Apr 2022) - [U.S. Vetoes Security Council Resolution Demanding Ceasefire in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-vetoes-security-council-resolution-demanding-ceasefire-in-gaza/) - In its 10,000th meeting, the Security Council failed to adopt a resolution, put forward by Algeria and 9 other elected members, that called for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza, the release of the hostages, and for Israel to immediately and unconditionally lift all restrictions on the entry of humanitarian aid. The Israeli Ambassador noted that - [JCPOA Snapback Mechanism Activated](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/jcpoa-snapback-mechanism-is-activated/) - Given Iran's repeated breach of its commitments, the E3 {France, Germany, and the UK) triggered the snapback procedure on 28 Aug 2025. Upon activation on 27 Sep 2025, the following Security Council resolutions were automatically reinstated: Resolution 1696 (2006) Resolution 1737 (2006) Resolution 1747 (2007) Resolution 1803 (2008) Resolution 1835 (2008) Resolution 1929 (2010) E3 - [France, Germany, and UK Invoke JCPOA Snapback Provisions](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/france-germany-and-uk-invoke-jcpoa-snapback-provisions/) - France, Germany, and the United Kingdom (the E3) notified the Security Council that, based on clear factual evidence, they believed Iran was in significant non-performance of its commitments under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The notification provided 30 days for action by the Security Council in the absence of which suspended UN sanctions - [Security Council Hears Calls for Aid to Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-calls-for-aid-to-syria/) - The Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria reported to the Security Council that the ceasefire agreed on 19 July had come under strain and urged that Syria needed tangible international support on an “epic scale”. There were calls at the meeting for Israel's withdrawal from Syrian territory. Meetings Coverage (SC/16150) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses the Situation in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-israels-plan-for-gaza-city/) - The Security Council heard from the United Nations mediator for Yemen. He urged the Security Council to support efforts to de-escalate fighting towards a nationwide ceasefire, advance political talks and economic stabilization, and work with regional and international partners to prevent the country from being drawn deeper into the Middle East conflict. Meetings Coverage (SC/16143) - [Israel Strikes Hamas Leaders in Qatar](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-strikes-hamas-leaders-in-qatar/) - CSIS, Israel Strikes Hamas in Qatar (9 Sep 2025) Israeli Prime Minister and Defense Minister, Joint Announcement (9 Sep 2025) Jerusalem Post, Israel strikes Qatar in attempt to assassinate Hamas leadership (9 Sep 2025) - [Security Council Discusses Israel's Decision to Conquer Gaza City](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-israels-decision-to-conquer-gaza-city/) - In an emergency Security Council Session, UN warns against Israel’s decision to take over Gaza City. Meetings Coverage (SC/16140) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the US Representative Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Condemns Violence in Syria’s Suwaida](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-the-fragile-situation-in-syria/) - The Security Council strongly condemned the violence perpetrated against civilians in the Suwaida governorate of Syria since 12 Jul 2025. The Council unanimously adopted a presidential statement on the violence. Meetings Coverage (SC/16141) Statement by the President of the Security Council Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Extends UNIFIL Mandate](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-extends-unifil-mandate-2/) - By unanimous vote (15-0), the mandate for UNFIL was extended a final time until December 31, 2026. Meetings Coverage (SC/16159) Minutes of the Meeting Letter from the Secretary-General Resolution 2790 Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Hears Testimony on Hostages in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-testimony-on-hostages-in-gaza/) - Amid the usual calls for an immediate ceasefire, the urging of unimpeded humanitarian access, and the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages, the Security Council heard the harrowing testimony from Ilay David — the brother of hostage Eyvatar David. The Israeli Foreign Minister, rebutting the false accusations against Israel, spoke about Israel's facilitation of - [Security Council Hears Unfounded Claims of Starvation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-unfounded-claims-of-starvation-in-gaza/) - Speakers at the Security Council called for an immediate ceasefire and for scaling up humanitarian aid amidst false claims of starvation in Gaza. Israel and the United States rebutted those false claims. Meetings Coverage (SC/16126) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the U.S. Representative Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Discusses Violence in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-violence-in-southern-syria/) - The Security Council was told by the Assistant Secretary-General for the Middle East, Asia and the Pacific, that the peaceful, credible, orderly and inclusive political transition Syria so desperately needs is at risk in the wake of sectarian violence in Syria — and the Israeli airstrikes that followed. Meetings Coverage (SC/16122) Minutes of the Meeting - [Lebanese Cabinet Approves US Plan to Disarm Hezbollah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/lebanese-cabinet-approves-us-plan-to-disarm-hezbollah/) - Ambassador Tom Barrack, X post (7 Aug 2025) Institute for the Study of War, Iran Update (7 Aug 2025) Reuters, US plan sees Hezbollah disarmed by year-end, Israeli withdrawal (7 Aug 2025) Times of Israel, Hezbollah ministers walk out of cabinet meeting as Beirut approves US disarmament plan (7 Aug 2025) Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism - [Security Council Extends Reporting Requirement on Houthi Attacks](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-extends-reporting-requirement-on-houthi-attacks/) - The Security Council adopted Resolution 2787 (2025), extending the monthly reporting requirement on Houthi attacks against merchant and commercial vessels in the Red Sea. The Resolution was adopted by a vote of 12 in favor, none against, with 3 abstentions (Algeria, China, Russian Federation). Meetings Coverage (SC/16120) Resolution 2787 Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Considers the Fragile Situation in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-considers-the-fragile-situation-in-yemen/) - Renewed maritime hostilities by the Houthis in the Red Sea and retaliatory Israeli air strikes have sparked “a deeply volatile and unpredictable period” in Yemen and the wider region, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen warned, urging immediate de-escalation. Meetings Coverage (SC/16114) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Once Again Discusses the Aid Situation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-turns-focus-back-to-gaza/) - Speakers in the Security Council urged Israel to lift restrictions on aid operations in the Strip, called for a return to UN-led delivery mechanisms, and stressed the need for both the release of hostages and a ceasefire. Israel responded. Meetings Coverage (SC/16121) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the U.S. Representative Remarks by the Israeli - [Security Council Resumes Consideration of the Situation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-resumes-consideration-of-the-situation-in-gaza/) - Speakers in the Security Council for Israel and the Palestinian Authority traded barbs about issues ranging from claims about Palestinian statehood to attacks on Palestinians seeking aid. Meetings Coverage (SC/16107) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Renews UNDOF Mandate](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-renews-undof-mandate/) - The Security Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) in the Golan Heights for six months until 31 December 2025. Meetings Coverage (SC/16106) Resolution 2782 (2025) Minutes of the Meeting Report of the Secretary-General (3 Jun 2025) - [Security Council Discusses Iran's Nuclear Program](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meets-on-u-s-bombing-of-iran-nuclear-sites/) - The Security Council met to consider the latest developments related to the implementation of resolution 2231 (2015), which endorsed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) on Iran’s nuclear program, in light of the attacks by the U.S. and Israel and the subsequent ceasefire. Meetings Coverage (SC/16100) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the U.S. - [IDF Announces Tactical Pause for Humanitarian Aid](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-announces-tactical-pause-for-humanitarian-aid/) - IDF Announcement on X (27 Jul 2025) Arutz Sheva, Netanyahu allows humanitarian pause, increased aid to Gaza (27 Jul 2025) Jerusalem Post, IDF announces localized Gaza ceasefires to expand food aid 'until further notice' (27 Jul 2025) - [Israeli Airstrikes in Southern Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-conducts-airstrikes-in-southern-syria/) - Emanuel Fabian, Post on X, Israel Strikes Syrian Tanks (18 Jul 2025) Institute for the Study of War, 15 Jul 2025 Report on Syria Institute for the Study of War, 16 Jul 2025 Report on Syria Institute for the Study of War, 17 Jul 2025 Report on Syria Jerusalem Post, Israel's strike on Syria: Defending the Druze - [Druze Attacked in Southern Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/druze-attacked-in-southern-syria/) - Open Source Intel, All You Need to Know About the Conflict in Syria (17 Jul 2025) Jerusalem Post, Israel's strike on Syria: Defending the Druze and standing up for justice (18 Jul 2025) - [Security Council Meeting on Iran-Israel Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meets-about-israeli-attack-against-iran/) - Israel’s delegate, addressing Iran’s delegate, asked “how dare” he ask the international community for protection “from the consequences of your own genocidal agenda”. For years, the Iranian regime has publicly called for the destruction of Israel and the United States. Meetings Coverage (SC/16093) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [President Trump Revokes Syria Sanctions](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/president-trump-revokes-syria-sanctions/) - Executive Order 14312 (30 Jun 2025) White House Fact Sheet, President Donald J. Trump Provides for the Revocation of Syria Sanctions (30 Jun 2025) U.S. Department of State, Termination of Syria Sanctions (30 Jun 2025) U.S. Department of the Treasury, Treasury Implements President’s Termination of Syria Sanctions (30 Jun 2025) - [Security Council Discusses Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-situation-in-syria/) - The Deputy Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria warned that “Syria simply cannot withstand another wave of instability”. Meetings Coverage (SC/16090) Minutes of the Meeting - [Iran Suspends Cooperation With the IAEA](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/iran-suspends-cooperation-with-the-iaea/) - Wall Street Journal, Iran Suspends Cooperation With U.N. Atomic Agency (2 Jul 2025) Reuters, Iran enacts law suspending cooperation with UN nuclear watchdog (2 Jul 2025) PressTV, Iran president mandates end of cooperation with IAEA over political resolution (2 Jul 2025) - [Ceasefire Between Israel and Iran Announced](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/ceasefire-between-israel-and-iran-announced/) - Statement by President Trump on Telegram (24 Jun 2025 Israeli Government Statement (24 Jun 2025) Arutz Sheva, Netanyahu: 'We agreed to ceasefire but will respond to violations' (24 Jun 2025) - [Security Council Hears False Claims of Genocide in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-false-claims-of-genocide-in-gaza/) - The Security Council heard a report by the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process Ad Interim calling for urgent humanitarian assistance in Gaza while speakers for Israel and the State of Palestine accused each other of politicizing aid delivery. Meetings Coverage (SC/16072) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the US Representative - [Security Council Discusses the Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-situation-in-syria/) - The Security Council discussed the fragile situation in Syria. Meetings Coverage (SC/16049) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses the Effects of the War on Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-again-discusses-the-situation-in-gaza/) - The Security Council discussed the effects of Israel's aerial incursions into Syria and the flight of Lebanese citizens to Syria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15861) Minutes of the Meeting - [U.S. Vetoes Security Council Resolution Demanding Permanent Ceasefire in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-vetoes-security-council-resolution-demanding-permanent-ceasefire-in-gaza/) - The Security Council failed to adopt a resolution, put forward by 10 of its elected members, that called for an immediate, unconditional, and permanent ceasefire in Gaza and release of the hostages. It made no mention of Hamas. The vote was 14 in favor, with the United States exercising its veto, voting against it. Meetings - [The United States Bombs Iranian Nuclear Sites](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-united-states-bombs-iranian-nuclear-sites/) - Reports indicate that the attack destroyed Iran's nuclear facilities at Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan. Statement by President Trump on Telegram President Trump addresses the Nation - Video Briefing, US Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman General Dan Caine - Video Statement by Prime Minister Netanyahu - Video Arutz Sheva, Historic attack: U.S. strikes three Iranian nuclear - [Israel Attacks Iran - Operation Rising Lion](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-attacks-iran-operation-rising-lion/) - Prime Minister Netanyahu's statement on the commencement of the operation - Video Transcript (13 Jun 2025) The War Zone, Israel Launches Operation Rising Lion To Destroy Iran’s Nuclear Program (13 Jun 2025) Benjamin Jensen, Ungentlemanly Robots: Israel’s Operation Rising Lion and the New Way of War (13 Jun 2025) John Spencer, Redefining Shock and Awe: What - [IAEA Finds Iran To Be In Non-Compliance With Its Nuclear Obligations](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/iaea-finds-iran-to-be-in-non-compliance-with-its-obligations/) - IAEA Statement on the Situation in Iran (13 Jun 2025) IAEA Resolution finding of non-compliance by Iran (12 Jun 2025) Report on the NPT Safeguards Agreement with Iran (31 May 2025) NPT Safeguards Agreement with Iran (21 Nov 2024) - [Security Council Hears Rebuttal by the Israeli Ambassador on the Gaza Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-situation-in-syria-2/) - A report by the Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator on humanitarian conditions in Gaza was rebutted by the Israeli Ambassador. Meetings Coverage (SC/16060) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Houthis Announce Blockade of Haifa Port](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/houthis-announce-blockade-of-haifa-port/) - Yemen’s Houthi terrorist group announced that it was expanding its campaign against Israel by imposing a “naval blockade” on the Haifa Port. Vessels en route to or docked at the port would now be considered military targets. Houthis X post (19 May 2025) Ship & Bunker, Houthis Announce Maritime Blockade of Israeli Port of Haifa - [26 Mar 2012](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/26-mar-2012/) - U.S. Supreme Court, in an 8-1 ruling, reverses and remands the case to the lower courts, holding that the political question doctrine does not bar judicial review of Zivotofsky’s claim. Petition for Certiorari Brief for Petitioner Zivotofsky Brief for Respondent Sec. of State Reply Brief for Petitioner Amicus Briefs Oral Argument - 7 Nov 2011 Transcript - [8 Jun 2015](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/8-jun-2015/) - The U.S. Supreme Court, in a 6-3 decision, affirms the Circuit Court's holding that the President has exclusive power to grant formal recognition to a foreign sovereign. Petition for Certiorari Brief for Petitioner Zivotofsky Brief for Respondent Sec. of State Reply Brief for Petitioner Amicus Briefs Oral argument - 3 Nov 2014 Transcript - [Trump Announces Sanction Relief for Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/trump-announces-sanction-relief-for-syria/) - Along with lifting sanctions, Trump urged Syria to do five things, according to Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, on X: 1. Sign onto the Abraham Accords with Israel 2. Tell all foreign terrorists to leave Syria 3. Deport Palestinian terrorists 4. Help the United States to prevent the resurgence of ISIS 5. Assume responsibility - [Israel Again Responds to Houthi Missile Attacks](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-again-responds-to-houthi-missile-attacks/) - Times of Israel, IDF pounds Houthi ports in Yemen, threatens to kill leader, after missile, drone attacks (16 May 2025) Jerusalem Post, IDF strikes two Houthi-controlled ports in Yemen (16 May 2025) - [Israel Responds to Houthi Attack on Ben Gurion Airport](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-responds-to-houthi-attack-on-ben-gurion-airport/) - Israel jets targeted Sanaa airport, power stations, and a cement factory, two days after a missile fired by the Iran-backed group hit Ben Gurion Airport. Meir Amit Center, Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (23 Apr to 7 May 2025) Times of Israel, IDF ‘completely disables’ Houthi-controlled Sanaa airport in strikes on Yemen capital - [Ceasefire Announced Between the United States and the Houthis](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/ceasefire-announced-between-the-united-states-and-the-houthis/) - Donald Trump announced that the United States would stop attacks on the Houthis, and in return, the Houthis would stop targeting maritime shipping. Houthi officials claimed that their ceasefire with the United States did not include Israel. USNI News, U.S. Stops Houthi Bombing Campaign on Presidential Orders (6 May 2025) Reuters, Exclusive: Houthi ceasefire followed US - [Houthi Missile Strikes Ben Gurion Airport](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/houthi-missile-strikes-within-meters-of-ben-gurion-airport/) - What the Houthis claimed was a hypersonic ballistic missile fired by the rebels struck near Terminal 3 of Ben Gurion International Airport, Tel Aviv. Despite the presence of Israeli and U.S. air defense systems (Arrow and THAAD), the missile was not intercepted. The impact injured eight individuals and caused temporary disruption to airport operations. Airways, - [Security Council Discusses The Israeli-Palestinian Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-israeli-palestinian-situation/) - The Security Council heard from the Secretary-General on the Israeli-Palestinian situation amid calls for a two-state "solution". Meetings Coverage (SC/16052) Minutes of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting (Resumption 1) Minutes of the Meeting (Resumption 2) Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [American-Israeli Hostage Released](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/american-israeli-hostage-released/) - Arutz Sheva, American-Israeli hostage Edan Alexander arrives in Israel (12 May 2025) AP, Hamas releases Israeli-American hostage in goodwill gesture toward Trump administration (13 May 2025) - [Israel Defends Druze in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-defends-druze-in-syria/) - Jerusalem Post, Israel defends Syrian Druze with airstrike on extremist group near As-Suweida (30 Apr 2025) Times of Israel, Sa’ar: World must intervene in Syria to defend Druze from regime’s ‘terrorist gangs’ (1 May 2025) - [Security Council Discusses Israel's Actions in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-renewed-conflict-in-gaza-2/) - The Security Council discussed Israel's actions in Syria. Israel's representative defended those actions at the meeting. Meetings Coverage (SC/16042) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Discusses Alleged Famine in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meeting-on-gaza-2/) - The Security Council discussed the claim that famine is occurring in Gaza, a claim rebutted by Israel. Meetings Coverage - (SC/15604) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative Jerusalem Post, 'There is no famine in Gaza' - comment (8 Mar 2024) - [UN Security Council - US Again Vetoes Ceasefire Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-us-again-vetoes-ceasefire-resolution/) - The resolution — presented by Algeria — would have demanded an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza and the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages, as well as reiterating a call for unhindered humanitarian access. Thirteen Council members voted for the resolution, with the United Kingdom abstaining and the United States exercising its veto. Meetings - [Security Council Meeting on Gaza and UNRWA](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meeting-on-gaza-and-unrwa/) - The Security Council took up the situation in Gaza focusing on the role of UNRWA and allegations of its intimate involvement with Hamas. The interim decision by the International Court of Justice was also discussed. Meetings Coverage - (SC/15575) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Meetings on Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meetings-on-gaza/) - The Security Council again took up the situation in Gaza and consideration of how to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, in an extended debate that went over to a second day. Meetings Coverage - 23 Jan 2024 (SC/15569) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks of the Israeli Ambassador Meetings Coverage - 24 Jan 2024 (SC/15570) Minutes of - [Security Council Meetings on Gaza and Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meetings-on-gaza-and-yemen/) - The Security Council considered the situation in Gaza and the Houthis in Yemen. Meetings Coverage - Gaza (SC/15564) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks of the Israeli Ambassador Meetings Coverage - Yemen (SC/15565) Minutes of the Meeting - [UN Security Council Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-8/) - The Security Council heard briefings on and discussed the situation in Gaza, Judea, and Samaria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15549) Minutes 0f the Meeting Remarks of the Israeli Ambassador - [UN Security Council - US Vetoes Ceasefire Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-5/) - The UN Security Council met in response to a request from the Secretary-General issued under Article 99 of the Charter. After a full day of deliberations, a resolution calling for a humanitarian ceasefire of Israel's operations in Gaza was vetoed by the United States. Letter from Secretary General (6 Dec 2023) Meetings Coverage I (SC/15518) - [UN Security Council Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-6/) - During a ministerial-level meeting of the Security Council held on 29 Nov 2023, there were again calls for a ceasefire and a two-state solution. No action was taken. Meetings Coverage (SC/15506) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks of the Israeli Ambassador - [UN Security Council Hears About Women and Children in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-4/) - The UN Security Council heard briefings on the effect of the conflict on women and children in Gaza, but not in Israel. During the meeting, delegates praised the hostage deal and renewed the call for a humanitarian ceasefire. Meetings Coverage (SC/15503) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [UN Security Council Calls for Humanitarian Pauses](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-calls-for-humanitarian-pause/) - UN Security Council adopted a resolution calling for extended pauses in Gaza. There were 12 votes in favor and 3 abstentions (United States, Great Britain, and Russia). An amendment proposed by Russia that called for a "cessation of hostilities" was rejected, having received only 5 votes in favor with 1 vote against and 9 abstentions. - [Security Council Meeting on Sexual Violence by Hamas](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meeting-on-sexual-violence-by-hamas/) - Pramila Patten, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, reported on findings from an official visit to Israel from 29 January to 14 February, concerning the October 7 Hamas massacre. Meetings Coverage (SC/15621) Minutes of the Meeting Speech by Israeli Foreign Minister Katz (text) (video) Israel Hayom, Israel urges UN Security - [UN Security Council - Russia, China Veto Ceasefire Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-russia-china-veto-ceasefire-resolution/) - The resolution — presented by the United States — would have demanded an immediate ceasefire in Gaza conditioned on the immediate release of all hostages. Eleven Council members voted for the resolution, with Guyana abstaining and Russia and China exercising their veto. Meetings Coverage (SC/15637) Minutes of the Meeting Draft Resolution Remarks by the Israeli - [UN Security Council Calls for Immediate Ceasefire During Ramadan](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-demands-stop-to-houthi-attacks/) - The Security Council adopted a resolution, by a vote of 14 in favor with 1 abstention (the United States), calling for an immediate ceasefire during Ramadan and the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages. Russia proposed an oral amendment that would have called for a permanent ceasefire. The proposed amendment was rejected with 3 - [Security Council Briefed on Attacks against Iran in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-briefed-on-attacks-against-iran-in-syris/) - The Security Council was briefed on and discussed reported Israeli attacks against Iran in Syria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15650) Minutes of the Meeting Barak Ravid, Israel warns of consequences to any attack from Iran, Axios (4 Apr 2024) - [The Security Council Discusses Israeli Airstrike on Aid Workers](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discusses-israeli-airstrike-on-aid-workers/) - While speakers at the Security Council meeting generally "condemned" the airstrikes, the Israeli representative said the incident that claimed the lives of World Central Kitchen workers “was a tragic mistake” that happened due to a misidentification at night and due to “Hamas’s cynical modus operandi to exploit civilian infrastructure and vehicles.”. Meetings Coverage (SC/15653) Minutes - [The Security Council Discusses Yemen and Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discuss-yemen-and-gaza/) - Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen warns the Security Council that, “In the absence of a ceasefire in Gaza and a complete termination of attacks in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, the threat of further escalation persists”. Meetings Coverage (SC/15661) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Meeting on UNRWA's Role in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meeting-on-unrwas-role-in-gaza/) - The Security Council was briefed on and discussed UNRWA's role in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15668) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks of the Israeli Ambassador - [UN Security Council - US Vetoes Palestine Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-us-vetoes-palestine-resolution/) - After an all-day debate on the Middle East situation, a resolution to accept the Palestinian Authority as a full member state of the UN was vetoed by the United States. Twelve Council members voted for the resolution, with the United Kingdom and Switzerland abstaining and the United States exercising its veto. Meetings Coverage (SC/15669) Meetings - [UN Security Council Debates Gaza Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-debates-gaza-situation/) - In a debate spanning two sessions on April 18, and concluded on April 25, the hostilities in Gaza were considered by the Security Council. Meetings Coverage (SC/15669) Meetings Coverage (SC/15681) Minutes of the Meetings Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [IDF Enters Rafah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-enters-rafah/) - Israel entered eastern Rafah during the evening hours and proceeded to take control of the crossing into Egypt. IDF post on X - formerly Twitter (7 May 2024) Wall Street Journal (7 May 2024) Intermountain Jewish News (7 May 2024) - [Security Council Briefed on Gaza and Rafah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-briefed-on-gaza-and-rafah/) - The Security Council is briefed on the situation in Gaza and Rafah. Meetings Coverage (SC/15701) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [UN Security Council Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-2/) - The UN Security Council met again on 10 Nov 2023 to discuss the ongoing Middle East crisis. The head of the WHO briefed the Council on Gaza, calling for an immediate ceasefire and humanitarian access. Meetings Coverage (SC/15487) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Fails to Pass Either US or Russian Resolutions](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-fails-to-pass-either-us-or-russian-resolutions/) - UN Security Council failed to pass the US resolution even though it garnered 10 votes in favor. The Russian resolution received only 4 votes in favor. Security Council Meetings Coverage (SC/15464) Minutes of the Meeting US draft resolution Russian draft resolution Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Discussion on Gaza and Rafah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discussion-on-gaza-and-rafah/) - The Security Council hears briefings from UN officials on the situation in Gaza. Speakers blamed Israel for an incident in which an alleged 45 persons were killed and many more injured. However, the claim that Israel was responsible has been found to be false. Meetings Coverage (SC/15710) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks of the Israeli - [UN Security Council Calls for Ceasefire and Withdrawal of Israeli Troops](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-calls-for-ceasefire-and-withdrawal-of-israeli-troops-2/) - The Security Council adopted a resolution, by a vote of 14 in favor and 1 abstention (Russia), proposing a three-phase ceasefire deal to end the war in Gaza, urging both Israel and Hamas to implement it fully and without delay and condition.. Press Release (SC/15723) Minutes 0f the Meeting Resolution (S/Res/2735) Remarks by the Israeli - [Security Council Briefed by UN Official](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-briefed-by-un-offical/) - The Security Council was briefed by the Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process on the situation with Hezbollah, Hamas, and terrorists in Judea and Samaria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15743) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [The Security Council Discusses Shuttering of UNRWA in Israel, Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discusses-shutting-of-unrwa-in-israel/) - Security Council discusses Israel's closing of UNRWAs offices and activities in Israel. Meetings Coverage (SC/15985) Minutes of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting, Resumption 1 Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Six Hostages Released From Gaza in Ghoulish Ceremony](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/six-hostages-released-from-gaza-in-ghoulish-ceremony/) - Hamas turns over six Israeli hostages as Israel puts on hold the release of terror prisoners. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Return of hostages: Statement by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (22 Feb 2025) Jewish Press, A Closer Look at the Six Hostages to Be Released on Saturday (20 Feb 2025) The Algemeiner, Hamas Frees Six Hostages in - [Security Council Discusses Renewed Conflict in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-renewed-conflict-in-gaza/) - Concerns raised in the Security Council over the renewed conflict and suspension of aid in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/16023) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Discusses a Claimed Atrocity](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-condemns-violence-in-syria-2/) - The Security Council discussed the “incident” that occurred on 23 March involving the Red Crescent in which it was claimed that 15 medical personnel and humanitarian aid workers were killed. The Israel responded to the claim by noting that active Hamas terrorists were present inside the Red Crescent vehicles. Meetings Coverage (SC/16037) Minutes of the - [Security Council Considers Houthi Attack on Tel Aviv](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-considers-houthi-attack-on-tel-aviv/) - The Security Council took up discussion of the Houthis’ 19 July attack on Tel Aviv and Israel’s 20 July retaliation against the port of Hudaydah in Yemen in light of the concern to avoid regional escalation. Meetings Coverage (SC/15773) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Discusses Israel-Houthi Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-israel-houthi-conflict/) - The Security Council considered the new attacks by the Houthis on Israel and Israel's reponse. Meetings Coverage (SC/15958) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [The Security Council Discusses Judea and Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discusses-judea-and-samaria/) - The Security Council discussed the situation in Judea and Samaria in relation to the wider conflict surrounding Israel. Meetings Coverage (S/15826) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by Israel’s Ambassador - [The Security Council Speakers Urge Israeli Withdrawal](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-speakers-urge-israeli-withdrawal/) - Security Council adopts a presidential statement welcoming the election of the new president in Lebanon and the cease-fire between Israel and Hezbollah. Meetings Coverage (SC/15969) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Meets on Iranian Attack Against Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meets-on-iranian-attack-against-israel/) - The Security Council was briefed on and discussed the Iranian attack on Israel, with concerns raised about the risk of a full-scale conflict. Meetings Coverage (SC/15660) Video | Audio of the Full Meeting Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador Arutz Sheva, Ambassador Erdan to Security Council: No more red-carpet treatment for Iran (15 - [Security Council Discusses Conflict Between Israel and Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-gaza-and-israels-prohibition-of-unrwa/) - The Security Council heard calls for the exercise of maximum restraint and de-escalation to break the cycle of retaliation and prevent a full-blown war in the Middle East during another emergency meeting on the escalating crisis in the region, following Israel’s 25 October air strikes against Iran, which earlier in the month had launched missile - [Security Council Discusses the Attack by Iran and the Situation in the Middle East](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-attack-by-iran-and-the-situation-in-the-middle-east/) - The Security Council deliberated on the overall situation in the Middle East and the growing fear of all-out war. The Secretary-General demanded an end to what he called the "deadly cycle of tit-for-tat Violence". Meetings Coverage (SC/15841) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Discusses UNIFIL and the Situation in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-unifil-and-the-situation-in-lebanon/) - The Security Council discussed the violence in Lebanon and the danger to UNIFIL peacekeepers. Meetings Coverage (SC/15850) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [The Security Council Meeting on Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-meeting-on-lebanon/) - Security Council adopts a presidential statement welcoming the election of the new president in Lebanon and the cease-fire between Israel and Hezbollah. Meetings Coverage (SC/15966) Minutes of the Meeting Statement by the Security Council President - [The Security Council Is Warned About the Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-is-warned-about-the-situation-in-syria/) - The Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria warned about the dramatic shifts in the front lines in Syria, noting that a vast swathe of Syrian territory — containing approximately 7 million people — had come under the control of non-State actors, including the terrorist group Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham and armed opposition groups. Amid calls - [The Security Council Extends Mandate for UNDOF in the Golan](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-extends-mandate-for-undof-in-the-golan/) - The Security Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) in the Golan for six months until 30 Jun 2025. Meetings Coverage (SC/15951) Resolution 2766 (2024) Minutes of the Meeting - [The Security Council Reviews Developments In Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discusses-syria-post-assad/) - The Security Council heard calls for the backing of the Syrian people after the fall of the Assad regime. Meetings Coverage (SC/15961) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discusses Syrian Political Transition](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-syrian-political-transition/) - The Security Council heard a report from the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria concerning political developments in Syria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15991) Minutes of the Meeting - [UN Security Council Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-7/) - Discussion of the situation in Gaza and Judea and Samaria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15539) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Meeting on Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meeting-on-gaza/) - The Security Council discussed the humanitarian situation in Gaza amid further appeals for a ceasefire. Meetings Coverage - (SC/15600) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Meeting on Gaza, Judea and Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-meeting-on-gaza-3/) - The Security Council discussed the humanitarian situation in Gaza, and activities in Judea and Samaria. Meetings Coverage (SC/15643) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Refers PA Application to Committee](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-refers-pa-application-to-committee/) - The Security Council referred renewed consideration of the Palestinian Authority's application for UN membership to the Committee on Admissions. Meetings Coverage (SC/15655) Minutes of the Meeting 2011 Application (S/2011/592) 2024 Renewed Application (S/2024/286) - [Security Council Reviews Report on Gaza Aid](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-reviews-report-on-gaza-aid/) - The Security Council hears the Senior Coordinator for Gaza Aid report on the need for comprehensive support. Meetings Coverage (SC/15679) Minutes of the Meeting - [The Security Council Debate on Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-debate-on-gaza/) - Security Council concludes the debate on Gaza, which first began on April 18. Meetings Coverage (SC/15681) Meetings Coverage (SC/15669) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Briefed by UN Official](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-briefed-by-un-official/) - The Security Council was briefed by the Senior Humanitarian and Reconstruction Coordinator for Gaza on the calls for a ceasefire and the unimpeded delivery of aid. Meetings Coverage (SC/15757) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Again Reviews Gaza Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-again-reviews-gaza-conflict/) - “This terrible war must end”, said the Secretary-General’s Chef de Cabinet to the Security Council, amid continuing calls for a ceasefire. He noted that the Secretary-General is disappointed by the Israeli parliament’s (Knesset) resolution rejecting the establishment of a Palestinian state. Meetings Coverage (SC/15767) Minutes of the Meeting Minutes - Resumption 1 Minutes - Resumption - [Security Council Discusses UNRWA](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-unrwa/) - The Deputy Commissioner-General for Operational Support of UNRWA reported to the Security Council, defending the agency against criticism. Meetings Coverage (SC/15779) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador Rephael Ben-Ari, Shaul Sharf, UNRWA: Humanitarian Terrorism? (30 Jul 2024) - [Security Council Briefing After Haniyeh Assassination](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discuss-the-situation-in-yemen/) - The Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs briefed the Security Council, calling for regional de-escalation. Meetings Coverage (SC/15782) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [Security Council Discusses Gaza Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/unrwa-defends-itself-before-the-security-council/) - Israel defended its targeting of a Hamas command center in a mosque inside the compound and elimination of at least 31 Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad fighters. It disputed the claims that dozens of civilians were killed in the attack. There were again calls for a ceasefire. Meetings Coverage (SC/15790) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks - [Security Council Discusses Gaza Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-gaza-situation/) - The Security Council again hears calls for a ceasefire amid claims of the spread of polio. Meetings Coverage (SC/15797) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador Jerusalem Post, Gaza’s polio vaccination rate hits 90% with 282,000 vials distributed (19 Aug 2024) IDF Press Release on Polio Vaccines in Gaza (18 Aug 2024) - [Security Council Extends UNIFIL Mandate](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-extends-unifil-mandate/) - The Security Council unanimously adopted a resolution extending the mandate for UNIFIL for another 6 months. It also demanded the full implementation of resolution 1701 (2006) and urged all relevant actors to implement immediate measures towards de-escalation — including those aimed at restoring calm, restraint and stability across the Blue Line. Further, the 15-member organ - [Security Council Discusses Polio Outbreak in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-polio-outbreak-in-gaza/) - The Deputy Director-General and Executive Director of the Health Emergency Program at the World Health Organization confirmed the first case of polio after 25 years of a polio-free Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15805) Minutes of the Meeting Honest Reporting, Is there a Polio outbreak in Gaza? (29 Aug 2024) Jerusalem Post, Gaza’s polio vaccination rate hits - [Security Council Discusses Humanitarian Situation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-considers-hamass-execution-of-israeli-hostages/) - The Security Council once again discussed the situation in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15821) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Discusses "Pager" Episode Amidst Calls for De-escalation and Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-calls-for-de-escalation-and-ceasefire-2/) - The Security Council once again discussed the situation concerning Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon including consideration of the pagers explosions against Hezbollah in Lebanon. Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador prior to the meeting Meetings Coverage (SC/15828) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador during the meeting - [Security Council Discusses Hezbollah and Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-hezbollah-and-lebanon/) - The Security Council discusses the situation concerning Hezbollah in Lebanon with references to Gaza. Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador prior to the meeting Meetings Coverage (SC/15834) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Hears Calls for Ceasefire in Gaza & Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hear-calls-for-ceasefire-in-gaza-lebanon/) - The Security Council deliberated on the situation in the Middle East, particularly Gaza, and heard from over 25 speakers, including the Secretary-General, who again urged the sharply divided Council to support an immediate ceasefire leading to the creation of a Palestinian State. Meetings Coverage (SC/15836) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Discusses the Status of UNRWA in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-humanitarian-situation-in-gaza/) - The Security Council heard a report from the Commissioner-General of UNRWA regarding the status of the agency in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15849) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Again Discusses the Situation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-again-discusses-the-situation-in-gaza-3/) - The Security Council hears further calls to address the claimed humanitarian situation in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15854) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Hears Report Calling for De-escalation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-report-calling-for-de-escalation/) - The Security Council hears further calls for a ceasefire in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15871) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Hears Calls for Ceasefire in Gaza and Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-calls-for-ceasefire-in-gaza-and-lebanon/) - The Security Council, amid claims of "horrific bloodshed," hears renewed calls for a ceasefire in both Gaza and Lebanon and a two-state solution. Meetings Coverage (SC/15902) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Hears Renewed Calls for Action on Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hear-calls-for-action-on-gaza/) - Speakers at Security Council meeting heard calls to secure an immediate cessation of hostilities, the unconditional release of all hostages, and safe and unhindered humanitarian access to Gaza. Security Council Meetings Coverage (SC/15451) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Concludes Meeting on Gaza and Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-concludes-meeting-on-gaza-and-lebanon/) - Regional delegations call on the Security Council to adopt a resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15906) Minutes of the Meeting Resumption 1 - [U.S. Vetoes Security Council Resolution Demanding Permanent Ceasefire in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-hears-report-on-humanitarian-situation-in-gaza/) - The Security Council failed to adopt a resolution, put forward by its 10 elected members, that called for an immediate, unconditional, and permanent ceasefire in Gaza and demanded the release of all hostages. The vote was 14 in favor, with the United States exercising its veto, voting against it. Meetings Coverage (SC/15907) Minutes of the - [The Security Council Hears the Outgoing Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-resolution-hears-the-outgoing-special-coordinator-for-the-middle-east-peace-process/) - The outgoing Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process warns the Security Council of the unraveling of decades of work. Meetings Coverage (SC/15911) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [The Security Council Is Told that a Cease-Fire is Long Overdue](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-is-told-that-a-cease-fire-is-long-overdue/) - The Security Council once again heard calls for a cease-fire in Gaza, as the Assistant Secretary-General for Middle East, Asia and the Pacific alleged 45,000 deaths in Gaza. Meetings Coverage (SC/15944) Minutes of the Meeting Statement of Michael Levy, brother of hostage Or Levy Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [The Security Council Again Considers the Gaza Situation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-again-considers-the-gaza-situation/) - The Security Council heard calls for action to protect civilians and ensure accountability, including independent investigations into these incidents and the alleged misuse of medical facilities by Hamas. Meetings Coverage (SC/15959) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [The Security Council Discusses Gaza Ceasefire and Prospects for Regional Peace](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discusses-gaza-ceasefire-and-two-state-solution/) - Security Council discusses "ways to ensure steps bring positive change for region". Meetings Coverage (SC/15970) Minutes of the Meeting Minutes of the Meeting, Resumption 1 (20 Jan 2025) Minutes of the Meeting, Resumption 2 (24 Jan 2025) Remarks by the Israeli Representative - [The Security Council Discusses Children in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-security-council-discusses-children-in-gaza/) - Security Council discusses the "plight" of the children in Gaza a week after the ceasefire. However, Israel’s delegate questioned whether the Council has “ever paused to consider plight of Israeli children” who were mutilated by Hamas on 7 October, with 30 taken into the group’s “terror dungeons”. Meetings Coverage (SC/15975) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks - [Security Council Hears Testimony of Freed Israeli Hostage](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-gaza-ceasefire/) - The Security Council heard reports from the UN Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process ad interim, and the President of the US/Middle East Project. One of the Israeli hostages freed from Gaza, Noa Argamani, spoke about her dark experience in captivity. Meetings Coverage (SC/16007) Minutes of the Meeting Testimony of Noa Argamani Remarks - [Security Council Hears Testimony of Former Israeli Hostage](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-the-resumption-of-hostilities-in-gaza/) - The Assistant Secretary-General for the Middle East, Asia and the Pacific, Departments of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, reporting to the Security Council, noted that there were at least 59 hostages — alive and deceased — still being held captive in Gaza. Released hostage, Eli Sharabi, testified about his being held by Hamas for 491 harrowing - [Security Council Discusses Judea and Samaria in Light of Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discusses-judea-and-samaria-in-light-of-gaza/) - While speakers in the Security Council warned of the expansion of Jewish settlements in Judea and Samaria, and its “Gazafication” amid Israel’s counter-terrorism operations, Israel's representative described its operations as efforts to dismantle Iran’s terror networks. Meetings Coverage (SC/16025) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks of the U.S. Representative Remarks of the Israeli Ambassador - [US Vetoes Brazilian Security Council Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-vetoes-brazilian-security-council-resolution/) - US Vetoes Draft Security Council resolution calling for “humanitarian pauses”. Security Council Meetings Coverage (SC/15450) Minutes of the Meeting Draft resolution 773 Draft resolution 775 Draft resolution 776 - [Hamas Attack on Shabbat - Simchat Torah](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/shabbat-simchat-torah/) - Hamas commenced a savage attack against Israel from Gaza in the early morning hours, sending over 2,000 terrrorists breaking through the security barrier between Israel and Gaza while firing thousands of rockets and committing numerous atrocities and war crimes. Over 1,400 Israelis were slaughtered, the vast majority civilians. Documentation of atrocities and war crimes - [UN Security Council Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting/) - The UN Security Council met again in emergency session on Monday afternoon (EDT) 30 Oct 2023 to discuss the ongoing Middle East crisis. Meetings Coverage (SC/15473) UN News Minutes of the Meeting Speech by the Israeli Ambassador - [UN Security Council Briefed by Refugee Chief](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-briefing-by-refugee-chief/) - The UN Security Council was briefed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Meetings Coverage (SC/15477) Minutes of the Meeting - [UN Security Council Meeting](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-3/) - The UN Security Council met in a day-long meeting on 24 Oct 2023 to discuss the ongoing Middle East crisis. Meetings Coverage (SC/15462) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Foreign Minister - [Security Council Rejects Russian Gaza Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-rejects-russian-gaza-resolution/) - UN Security Council rejects Russian resolution on Gaza – 5 votes for, 4 against, 6 abstentions Security Council Meetings Coverage (SC/15445) Minutes of the Meeting Draft resolution Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [UN General Assembly Calls for Arms Embargo and Withdrawal to 1967 Lines](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-general-assembly-calls-for-arms-embargo-and-withdrawal-to-1967-lines/) - In a resolution promoted by the Palestinian Authority, the UN General Assembly voted 124 for, 14 against, and 43 abstaining, to strip Israel of the right to self-defense in Gaza, West Bank. and calling for an arms embargo against Israel and its withdrawal to the 1976 armistice lines within 12 months. Israel Foreign Ministry, Post - [UN Security Council Discusses Murder of Israeli Hostages in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-discusses-murder-of-israeli-hostages-in-gaza/) - The Security Council urged Israel and Hamas to reach a deal that includes a ceasefire and unconditional release of those still held captive. Meetings Coverage (SC/15810) Minutes of the Meeting Remarks by the Israeli Ambassador - [Security Council Condemns Violence in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-condemns-violence-in-syria/) - The Security Council condemned the widespread violence perpetrated in Syria’s Latakia and Tartus provinces since 6 Mar 2025. Meetings Coverage (SC/16020) Presidential Statement (S/PRST/2025/4) Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Discuss the Situation in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-discuss-the-situation-in-syria/) - The Security Council heard of the need for accountability and economic recovery in Syria and discussed Israel's presence in the country. Meetings Coverage (SC/16028) Minutes of the Meeting - [Thousands of Hezbollah Pagers Detonated](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/thousands-of-hezbollah-pagers-detonated-2/) - Communications pagers carried by thousands of Hezbollah operatives in Lebanon and Syria exploded more or less simultaneously in an unprecedented attack that authorities say injured thousands and killed as many as 12. Israel has not taken responsibility for the attack. Arutz Sheva, Hezbollah pagers explode, over 3,000 injured, at least 9 dead (17 Sep 2024) - [Houthis Resume Missile Attacks Against Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/houthis-resume-missile-attacks-against-israel/) - Houthis renewed its attacks against Israel, launching a ballistic missile aimed at the Nevatim Air Base in central Israel and calling it a reponse to Israel's resumed military campaign against Hamas in Gaza. Times of Israel, Houthis fire first ballistic missile at Israel in 2 months, warn of more in coming days (18 Mar 2025) - [Israel Resumes Military Operation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-halts-the-provision-of-electricity-to-gaza/) - Israel Prime Minister's Office, Announcement (18 Mar 2025) Foreign Ministry of Israel, Press Release (18 Mar 2025) Times of Israel, Israel restarts Gaza strikes, blames Hamas for not releasing hostages as truce collapses (18 Mar 2025) - [Security Council Again Renews Sanctions Concerning Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-renews-sanctions-concerning-yemen/) - The Security Council renewed for 12 months the travel ban and assets freeze imposed on certain designated individuals and entities in Yemen, and extended for 13 months the mandate of the Panel of Experts tasked with assisting the Council’s Yemen Sanctions Committee. Meetings Coverage (SC/15896) Resolution 2758 Minutes of the Meeting - [United States Begins Major Military Campaign Against the Houthis](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/united-states-begins-major-military-campaign-against-the-houthis/) - Donald Trump, Truth Social Post (15 Mar 2025) The White House, President Trump Is Standing Up to Terrorism and Protecting International Commerce (15 Mar 2025) Reuters, Trump launches large-scale strikes on Yemen's Houthis, at least 31 killed (16 Mar 2025) Donald Trump, Truth Social Post (17 Mar 2025) - [Security Council Demands Houthis Immediately Cease Attacking Sea Vessels](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-demands-houthis-immediately-cease-attacks-vessels/) - The Security Council adopted an updated resolution condemning continued attacks on merchant and commercial vessels from Houthi-controlled territories in Yemen, and demanded that the Houthis immediately cease all such aggression. Meetings Coverage (SC/15750) Resolution 2739 Minutes of the Meeting - [Security Council Renews Sanctions on Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-renews-sanctions-on-yemen/) - The Security Council renewed a travel ban and assets freeze imposed on specific individuals and entities in Yemen for 12 months, and extended for 12 months the mandate of the Panel of Experts tasked with assisting the Council’s Yemen sanctions committee. Meetings Coverage (SC/15489) Resolution 2707 Minutes of the Meeting - [Israel Halts the Provision of Electricity to Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-halts-supply-of-electricity-to-gaza/) - The Minister of Energy circulated a letter sent to the Israel Electric Corporation ordering it to stop selling electricity to Gaza, affecting, among other things, a desalination plant that produces drinking water. The cutoff was another measure meant to pressure Hamas to release the remaining hostages. Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure, Instructions from the Minister - [Israel Halts Entry of Goods and Supplies into Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-halts-flow-of-goods-and-supplies-to-gaza/) - In response to the rejection by Hamas of the proposed framework for a temporary ceasefire offered by the Presidential envoy from the United States, Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu ordered the halt of the entry of all goods and supplies to Gaza. Prime Minister's Office, Announcements (2 Mar 25) Times of Israel, Israel halts aid - [The Bodies of Four More Murdered Hostages Returned in Last Agreed Transfer](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-bodies-of-four-more-murdered-hostages-returned-in-last-agreed-transfer/) - Hamas turns over the bodies of four murdered Israeli hostages as Israel releases over 600 terrorist prisoners. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Prime Minister's Office Announcement: Return of deceased hostages, 27 February 2025 (27 Feb 2025) Times of Israel, After logjam, Hamas releases 4 hostage bodies to Israel in quiet, late-night transfer (27 Feb 2025) - [The Bodies of Four Murdered Hostages Returned to Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-bodies-of-four-murdered-hostages-returned-to-israel/) - Hamas turns over the bodies of four murdered Israeli hostages, including that of a four-year-old child and a 9-month-old baby, in a macabre ceremony condemned by many. Israel Prime Minister Netanyahu, Statement (20 Feb 2025} i24, IDF receives bodies of 4 murdered hostages (20 Feb 2025) World Israel News, WATCH: Palestinians bring their children to watch - [Israel Carries Out Another Air Assault Against The Houthis](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israels-third-attack-against-the-houthis-in-yemen-2/) - Following the 19 December attack, the Houthis launched several additional assaults at Israel that were intercepted, Israel conducted another significant air assault against Yemen, targeting the Sana'a International Airport and two power stations. The World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Ghebreyesus and UN Resident Coordinator in Yemen Julien Harneis and more than a dozen other UN - [Israel's Third Attack Against the Houthis in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israels-third-attack-against-the-houthis-in-yemen/) - December saw the intensification of direct conflict between Israel and the Houthis who launched more than ten attacks against Israel involving ballistic missiles and drones, three of which hit civilian areas. In response Israel carried out airstrikes in Houthi-controlled areas in Yemen, reportedly targeting Houthi infrastructure at the ports of Hodeidah, Salif, and the Ras - [US and UK Strike Houthis in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-and-uk-strike-houthis-in-yemen-2/) - The US and UK launched military strikes against Houthi targets in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen in response to continued attacks by the Houthis, after the US and its allies warned that the Iran-backed militant group would bear the consequences of its attacks on commercial shipping in the Red Sea. CNN, US and UK carry out - [Red Sea Task Force Formed to Address Houthi Attacks](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/red-sea-task-force-formed-to-address-houthi-attacks-2/) - The US Defense Secretary announced the establishment of Operation Prosperity Guardian, a multinational security initiative to address the security situation in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. The United Kingdom, Bahrain, Canada, France, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Seychelles, and Spain joined the US in the new mission; and several other countries agreed to be - [Houthis in Yemen Signal Entry into the Gaza Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/houthis-in-yemen-signal-entry-into-the-gaza-conflict/) - France 24 (31 Oct 2023) Reuters (1 Nov 2023) Michael Horton, Houthi missile launches at Israel risk reigniting war in Yemen, Responsible Statecraft (29 Oct 2023) - [Israel Again Attacks the Houthis in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-again-attacks-the-houthis-in-yemen/) - Israel, in response to drone and missile fire from the Houthis, for a second time conducted attacks against the Houthis in Yemen, bombing the ports of Al Hudaydah and Ras Isa, using dozens of aircraft. The attacks caused widespread power outages in the city of Hodeida and significant damage to Yemeni port facilities and power - [Israel attacks the Houthis in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-attacked-the-houthis-in-yemen/) - On 19 July, a drone launched by Houthi militants from Yemen hit an apartment building near the US Embassy branch office in Tel Aviv. The drone strike killed one person in his apartment, and injured 10 others. In response, Israel launched airstrikes on the Red Sea port of Hodeidah in Yemen. The attack damaged a - [Fourth Release of Hostages From Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/fourth-release-of-hostages-from-gaza/) - Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad released three Israeli male hostages. In return, Israel released 183 Palestinian prisoners, including 18 serving life sentences. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Announcement (1 Feb 2025} Times of Israel, Hostages Yarden Bibas, Keith Siegel, Ofer Calderon freed after 484 days in Hamas captivity (1 Feb 2025) Times of Israel, As Yarden - [Israeli and Thai Hostages Freed](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israeli-and-thai-hostages-freed/) - Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad released a female soldier and ten civilian hostages, five Israelis and five Thais, in exchange for 293 Palestinian prisoners, some of whom were serving life sentences; some were deported abroad. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Announcement (30 Jan 2025} Times of Israel, Arbel Yehoud, Gadi Mozes, 5 Thais, freed amid - [Four More Hostages Return Home](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/first-hostages-return-home-2/) - Hamas released four female hostage soldiers in exchange for 200 Palestinian prisoners, some of whom were serving life sentences and some who were deported abroad. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Announcement (25 Jan 2025} Jerusalem Post, Released hostages return to Israeli territory, to receive medical assessment (25 Jan 2025) Jerusalem Post, Four female soldiers unite with - [First Hostages Return Home](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/first-hostages-return-home/) - As the ceasefire took effect in Gaza, Hamas released three Israeli hostages in exchange for ninety Palestinian women and minors imprisoned in Israel. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Announcement (19 Jan 2025} Ynetnews, End of 471-day nightmare: Hostages Romi, Doron and Emily return to Israel (19 Jan 2025) TPS Media, ‘The Spectrum of Feelings is - [Three Hostages Released in Poor Physical Condition](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/three-hostages-released-in-poor-physical-condition-2/) - Hamas released three Israeli hostages in a "ceremony" in Deir al-Balah, during which the Israeli hostages, who were in shockingly poor physical condition, were forced to deliver speeches praising Hamas. Israel, in exchange, released 183 Palestinian prisoners, including 111 whom the Israel Defense Forces detained during the October 7 War. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, - [Three More Hostages Freed](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/three-more-hostages-freed/) - Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad released three Israeli hostages, and in return Israel released 369 Palestinian prisoners. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Announcement (15 Feb 2025} Times of Israel, Freed hostages Dekel-Chen, Troufanov and Horn back in Israel after 498 days in captivity (15 Feb 2025) Jerusalem Post, Three released hostages returned to Israel - [Agreement on Extending Ceasefire in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/agreement-on-extending-ceasefire-to-18-february/) - White House, Statement (26 Feb 2025} Times of Israel, Israel and Lebanon extend truce, with IDF troop withdrawal deadline moved to Feb. 18 (27 Jan 2025) Reuters, Hezbollah does not accept reasons for time extension for Israeli troop withdrawal, chief says (27 Jan 2025) - [Gaza Hostage-Ceasefire Agreement Reached](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/gaza-hostage-ceasefire-agreement-reached/) - Text of the agreement NBC News, Israel and Hamas reach deal on Gaza ceasefire and hostage release (15 Jan 2025) - [Biden Sanctions Jews of Judea and Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/biden-sanctions-jews-of-judea-and-samaria/) - Biden issues an executive order imposing sanctions on persons allegedly undermining peace, security, and stability in Judea and Samaria. Executive Order (1 Feb 2024) Notice to Congress (1 Feb 2024) Kalman Liebeskind, The blood libel regarding "settler violence", Ribonut (29 Dec 2023) - [Israel Announces Ceasefire with Hezbollah in Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-announces-ceasefire-with-hezbollah-in-lebanon/) - Israel announced on the evening of 26 Nov 2024 that a ceasefire with Hezbollah on the northern front with Lebanon would come into effect on 27 Oct 2024 at 4:00 AM. Letter and Annex announcing the ceasefire (29 Nov 2024) Arutz Sheva, After Cabinet approval: Lebanon ceasefire takes effect (26 Nov 2024) Israel Hayom, Full - [Israel Bars UNRWA from Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-bars-unrwa-from-israel/) - The Knesset, by a vote of 92 to 10, and 87 to 9, approved two laws barring UNRWA from Israel, and limiting it in Gaza and West Bank. Despite global pressure, the Knesset overwhelmingly approved the legislation against the agency over staffers’ terror links. The Prime Minister's Office indicated a readiness to work with other - [Syrian Druze Call to be Annexed to Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/syrian-druze-call-to-be-annexed-to-israel/) - A convention of dignitaries from the Druze village of Hadar in the Syrian Golan called to join the Israeli Golan. Jerusalem Post, Syrian Druze call to be annexed to Israel: 'What's our fate, brothers?' (15 Dec 2024) i24 News, IDF meets Syrian Druze leaders after call to join Israel (15 Dec 2024) EU Today, Syrian - [IDF Strikes Syrian Strategic Weapons](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/rebel-forces-launch-operation-against-the-syrian-regime/) - The IDF, on 8 December and continuing for several days, struck strategic weapons stockpiles in Syria, to prevent them from falling into the hands of terrorist elements. IDF Press Release (12 Dec 2024) Institute for the Study of War (8 Dec 2024) Meir Amit Center (9-16 Dec 2024) Post on X (Twitter) (8 Dec 2024) Post - [IDF Moves to Create Buffer Zone in Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-deploys-to-create-buffer-zone-in-syria/) - The IDF stated that the deployments were a defensive and temporary operation to protect Israel from possible instability in Syria resulting from the fall of the Syrian regime. Statement by Prime Minister Netanyahu (8 Dec 2024) Institute for the Study of War (8 Dec 2024) Meir Amit Center (9-16 Dec 2024) Le Monde, Netanyahu says - [Syrian Regime Collapses - Assad Flees to Russia](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/syrian-regime-collapses-assad-flees-to-russia/) - The IDF stated that the deployments were a defensive and temporary operation to protect Israel from possible instability in Syria resulting from the fall of the Syrian regime. Jerusalem Post, End of an era: Rebels, Syrian army declare fall of Assad regime (8 Dec 2024) Institute for the Study of War, Report (8 Dec 2024) - [Rebel Forces Launch Operation Against the Syrian Regime](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/operation-launched-against-the-syrian-regime/) - The al-Fateh al-Mubeen Joint Operations Room — a coalition containing both Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham and armed opposition groups, including the Syrian National Army — launched a ground operation, with drone cover, across agreed de-escalation lines, taking de facto control of almost the entirety of the Aleppo and Idlib governorates. - [Netanyahu's Sends a Message to the Iranian People](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/netanyahus-sends-a-message-to-the-iranian-people/) - Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed a message directly to the Iranian people Video YouTube Transcript - [Netanyahu's Third Message to the Iranian People](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/netanyahus-message-to-the-iranian-people/) - Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, on 12 Dec 2024, addressed another direct message to the Iranian people Video YouTube Transcript - [Netanyahu's Second Message to the Iranian People](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/netanyahus-second-message-to-the-iranian-people/) - Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed another message to the Iranian people Video YouTube Transcript - [Israel Responds to Iran's Attack With Three Waves of Strikes](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-responds-to-irans-attack-with-three-waves-of-air-attacks/) - The Israel Defense Forces conducted three waves of strikes into Iran, targeting around 20 locations around Tehran and western Iran, including vital air defense assets and facilities tied to the Iranian drone and missile programs. The strikes were in response to the large-scale ballistic missile attack that Iran launched against Israel on October 1. Jerusalem - [Trump Demands Release of Hostages](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/trump-demands-release-of-hostages/) - [U.S. Decides Not to Impose Arms Embargo Against Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-threatens-arms-embargo-against-israel/) - A month after the White House sent a letter to Israel stating that it had 30 days to improve humanitarian conditions for Palestinians in the Gaza Strip or be subject to an arms embargo, the U.S. State Department announced that it was satisfied that Israel had taken sufficient steps to deal with the humanitarian situation, - [European Responses to Iran's Attack](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/european-responses-to-irans-attack/) - The European Parliament condemned Iran’s attack on Israel and called for de-escalation. Press Release Resolution United Kingdom UK targets Iran’s ability to launch drones through new round of sanctions UK House of Commons Library – Research Briefing – Israel-Iran April 2024: UK and international response - [Canada Imposes Further Sanctions Against Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/canada-imposes-further-sanctions-against-iran/) - In response to Iran's attack on Israel, Canada imposed additional sanctions against Iran under the Special Economic Measures (Iran) Regulations. News Release Amendment of the Special Economic Measures (Iran) Regulations Canadian Sanctions Related to Iran - [Iran Launches Second Missile Attack Against Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/iran-launches-second-missile-attack-against-israel/) - Iran fired about 180 ballistic missiles into Israel, leading to 1,800 rocket sirens sounding across the country. A Palestinian worker from Gaza was reportedly killed as a result of fragments of rockets that fell in the city of Jericho. Jerusalem Post, Iran launches hundreds of rockets into Israel in massive aerial attack (1 Oct 2024) Meir - [Israel Announces the Elimination of Yahya Sinwar, Head of Hamas](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-announces-the-elimination-of-yahya-sinwar-head-of-hamas/) - Statement by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu - Video (17 Oct 2024) Jerusalem Post, Officials to 'Post': Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar killed in Rafah, Gaza Strip (17 Oct 2024) Meir Amit Intelligence Center, The Elimination of Yahya al-Sinwar, Head of Hamas: Reactions and Insights (20 Oct 2024) Caitlin Chiaramonte, William Casey Biggerstaff, Why Yahya Sinwar Was - [Israel Strikes Back](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-strikes-back/) - Israel responded to Iranian missile barrage with a limited strike. Reuters, Israel's Iran attack carefully calibrated after internal splits, US pressure (19 Apr 2024) Center for Strategic and International Studies, Assessing Israel’s Strike on Iran (3 May 2024) - [US and UK Impose New Sanctions Against Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-and-uk-impose-new-sanctions-against-iran/) - US Department of the Treasury imposed new sanctions in response to the Iranian attack. Press Release Federal Register Notice UK sanctioned further individuals and entities who have enabled Iran to conduct destabilizing activity, including its direct attack on Israel. Press Release UK sanctions regime relating to Iran Iran (Sanctions) Regulations 2023 (14 Dec 2023) - [PM Netanyahu Addresses the People of Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/pm-netanyahu-addresses-the-people-of-lebanon/) - Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu urged the Lebanese people to throw off the yoke of the Hezbollah terror organization and return to its former glory. Prime Minister Netanyahu's Statement New York Post, Netanyahu calls on Lebanon to take back control from Hezbollah: ‘Free your country’ (8 Oct 2024) - [IDF Enters Lebanon](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-enters-lebanon/) - During the night of September 30, 2024, the IDF began a limited ground maneuver in south Lebanon. The forces eliminated hundreds of terrorist operatives, and located and destroyed terrorist facilities hidden in civilian sites. Ten IDF soldiers were killed. The IDF continued airstrikes on Hezbollah terrorist targets in the Dahiyeh al-Janoubia in Beirut and throughout - [Nasrallah, Leader of Hezbollah, Eliminated](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/nasrallah-leader-of-hezbollah-eliminated/) - Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of the terrorist army Hezbollah, was killed by the Israel Defense Forces in an air strike in Beirut, while he was in Hezbollah’s Central Headquarters commanding more attacks against the people of Israel. IDF Press Briefing (28 Sep 2024) Reuters, Israel kills Hezbollah leader Nasrallah in airstrike (29 Sep 2024) Times - [PM Netanyahu Addresses UN General Assembly](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/pm-netanyahu-addresses-un-general-assembly/) - PM Netanyahu's spoke at the United Nations General Assembly in New York, saying in summary: Israel seeks peace. Israel yearns for peace. Israel has made peace and will make peace again. Yet we face savage enemies who seek our annihilation, and we must defend ourselves against them. Video — Audio Transcript of the Speech - [Hezbollah Murders 12 Children in Rocket Attack](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/hezbollah-attack-murders-15-children/) - Hezbollah launched a Falaq 1 rocket from south Lebanon at the Druze town of Majdal Shams in the northern Golan Heights. The rocket hit a soccer field killing 12 children and teenagers, and injuring more than 40 other people. Times of Israel, ‘Shredded to pieces’: Druze community grieves after Hezbollah strike kills 12 children (28 - [Israel Declares War Against Hamas - Hezbollah Attacks](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-declares-war-against-hamas/) - Israel officially declared a war situation on October 8 and began preparations for the war to follow. On the same date, Hezbollah, claiming "solidarity" with the "Palestinian" resistance, fired artillery, mortar shells, and anti-tank missiles at Mount Dov in the north of Israel, such attacks continuing almost every day up to the date of Israel's - [Top Hezbollah Command Eliminated](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/top-hezbollah-command-eliminated/) - The IDF, in an airstrike in a suburb of Beirut, eliminated Ibrahim Aqil, the head of Hezbollah's military operations and commander of the elite Radwan Force. The attack killed at least 14 other Radwan Force commanders including Ahmed Mahmoud Wahhabi, the head of military training and part of the Force's top command. Merit Amit Intelligence - [Israel Updates the Objectives of the War](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-updates-the-objectives-of-the-war/) - The Israeli Security Cabinet updated the objectives of the war to include the return of the residents of the north securely to their homes. Statement from the Prime Minister's Office (17 Sep 2024) Remarks by Prime Minister Netanyahu (22 Sep 2024) Israel Hayom, Israel expands war objectives to include northern residents' return (17 Sep 2024) - [Israel Adds New Priority to the War Objectives](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-adds-priority-to-the-war-objectives/) - The Israeli Security Cabinet updated the objectives of the war to include the return of the residents of the north securely to their homes. Statement from the Prime Minister's Office (17 Sep 2024) Remarks by Prime Minister Netanyahu (22 Sep 2024) Israel Hayom, Israel expands war objectives to include northern residents' return (17 Sep 2024) - [Israel Recovers Bodies of 6 Murdered Hostages in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-recovers-bodies-of-6-murdered-hostages-in-gaza/) - Israel Foreign Ministry, Bodies of six hostages murdered Hamas returned to Israel (31 Aug 2024) Statement by Prime Minister Netanyahu (1 Sep 2024) Israel Foreign Ministry on X, Entrance to tunnel where hostages were executed (5 Sep 2024) IDF video of the tunnel where hostages were executed (undated) Jerusalem Post, Hamas admits to killing hostages, releases - [UK Suspends Arms Export Licences to Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/uk-suspends-arms-export-licences-to-israel/) - UK Foreign Office, Press Release (2 Sep 2024) Times of Israel, UK suspends 30 of 350 arms export licenses to Israel, insists it’s not an embargo (2 Sep 2024) Letter from UK MPs to the UK Foreign Secretary (undated) - [U.S. Charges Hamas Leaders with Terrorism over October 7 Attack](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-charges-hamas-leaders-with-terrorism-over-october-7-attack/) - U.S. Department of Justice, Press Release (3 Sep 2024) Unsealed Complaint - [IDF Launches "Operation Summer Camps" in Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-launches-operation-summer-camps-in-samaria/) - The IDF began an extensive ground operation carried out by a division-size force against terrorist concentrations in Jenin and Tulkarm in northern Samaria. Combat helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles of the Air Force participated in the operation. The operation is the largest that has been carried out in Judea and Samaria since Operation Protective Shield - [3 July 2024](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/3-july-2024/) - Plaintiffs seek review in the U.S. Supreme Court of both the Sokolow and Fuld 2nd Circuit rulings. Petition for Writ of Certiorari - Sokolow/Fuld Petition for Writ of Certiorari - United States - [Assassinations in Beirut and Tehran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/assassinations-in-beirut-and-tehran/) - Beirut - Fuad Shukr was eliminated in by an Israeli air strike in south Beirut. He was a senior Hezbollah commander, responsible for the 27 Jul 2024 rocket attack on Majdal Shams that killed 12 Druze children, and wanted by the United States for his role in the 1983 bombing of the U.S. Marine barracks - [ICC Prosecutor Seeks Arrest Warrants](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/icc-prosecutor-seeks-arrest-warrants-from-the-court/) - The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court announced that he was requesting the issuance of arrest warrants from the Court for Hamas leaders, Yahya Sinwa, Muhammad Daif, and Ishmael Hania, and Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Minister of Defense Joav Galant. Documentation - [Operation Arnon - 4 Hostages Rescued from Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/operation-arnon-4-hostages-rescued-from-gaza/) - Jerusalem Post, IDF rescues four hostages from Hamas captivity in daring Gaza operation (8 Jun 2024) Statement by IDF Spokesperson Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari (8 Jun 2024) Video Clips of the Rescue 1. Entry and rescue of Almog Meir, Andrey Kozlov, and Shlomi Ziv 2. Almog Meir, Andrey Kozlov, and Shlomi Ziv escorted to rescue - [UN Security Council Calls for Ceasefire and Withdrawal of Israeli Troops](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-calls-for-ceasefire-and-withdrawal-of-israeli-troops/) - The Security Council adopted a resolution, by a vote of 14 in favor with 1 abstention (the United States), calling for an immediate ceasefire and withdrawal of Israeli Troops. Press Release (SC/9567) Minutes 0f the Meeting Resolution (S/Res/1860) - [ICJ Rules on Rafah Situation in the South African Genocide Case](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/icj-rules-on-rafah-situation-in-the-south-african-genocide-case/) - The Court issued a additional order regarding the IDF's activities in Rafah and the humanitarian demands being imposed on Israel. The order does not demand a halt to the IDF operation in Rafah, but only requires that Israel not carry out actions that could be considered "genocide". Press Release – English French The Court’s - [ICJ Advisory Opinion Adopted by the General Assembly](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/icj-advisory-opinion-adopted-by-the-general-assembly/) - The General Assembly, in Resolution 197 (III), accepted the 28 May 1948 advisory ruling of the International Court of Justice, recommending "that each member of the Security Council and of the General Assembly, in exercising its vote on the admission of new Members, should act in accordance with the foregoing opinion of the International Court - [UN General Assembly Calls for Full PA Membership](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-general-assembly-calls-for-full-pa-membership/) - In a plenary meeting of the 10th Emergency Session of the General Assembly, a resolution was adopted, 143 in favor, 9 opposed (Czechia, Hungary, Argentina, Micronesia, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Israel, and the United States), and 25 abstentions, claiming that "Palestine" is qualified to be a full member of the UN, urged the Security - [10 May 2024](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/10-may-2024/) - Second Circuit Court of Appeals denies plaintiffs' petition for a rehearing en banc. Plaintiffs-Appellants’ Petition for Rehearing En Banc Intervenor-Appellant's Petition for Rehearing En Banc Court's Order Denying the Petition for Rehearing J. Bianco's Opinion Concurring in the Denial Order J. Menashi's Opinion Dissenting from the Denial Order J. Leval's Statement of Views in Support - [UN Security Council Meets on Gaza Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meets-on-gaza-conflict/) - At a meeting of the Security Council the Secretary-General calls for a swift ceasefire. Press Release (SC/9563) (6 Jan 2009) Minutes 0f the Meeting (6 Jan 2009) Press Release (SC/9565) (7 Jan 2009) Minutes of the Meeting (7 Jan 2009) - [UN Security Council Adopts Resolution Demanding Stop to Houthi Attacks](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-adopts-resolution-demanding-stop-to-houthi-attacks/) - Meetings Coverage (SC/15561) Minutes 0f the Meeting Proposed Oral Amendments - rejected Resolution (S/Res/2722) - [US Pauses Certain Arms Shipments to Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-pauses-certain-arms-shipments-to-israel/) - CNN, US paused shipment of bombs to Israel amid concerns over potential use in Rafah incursion (8 May 2024) CNN, Biden says he will stop sending bombs and artillery shells to Israel if it launches major invasion of Rafah (8 May 2024) CNN, Biden Interview (8 May 2024) Letter to White House from US Congress (10 May - [Iran Launches Massive Attack Against Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/iran-launches-massive-attack-against-israel-2/) - Iran launched a massive barrage at Israel, estimated at more than 300 drones, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles. This is reportedly the largest drone/missile attack ever. Israel responded, along with the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Jordan. Most of the projectiles were eliminated outside of Israeli airspace. Operational Update by the IDF, Successful - [US Approves Supplemental Funds for Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-approves-supplemental-funds-for-israel/) - Biden signed H.R. 815, which provides supplemental emergency appropriations for fiscal year 2024 to Federal agencies to respond to the situations in Israel and Ukraine, and for assistance to the Indo-Pacific region. Public Law No: 118-50 (H.R. 815 enrolled) White House Press Release (24 Apr 2024) Congress.gov (H.R. 815) - [U.S. House of Representatives Passes Resolution Condemning Anti-Semitic Chant](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/u-s-house-of-representatives-passes-resolution-condemning-chant-as-anti-semitic/) - U.S. House of Representatives passed, by a vote of 377 to 44, Resolution H.Res. 883 condemning the chant “From the River to the Sea, Palestine will be free” as antisemitic. The resolution comes in response to the many pro-Hamas demonstrations calling for the destruction of the State of Israel, and the missile and drone attack by - [Turkey restricts exports to Israel until Gaza ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/turkey-restricts-exports-to-israel-until-gaza-cease-fire/) - Turkey restricts exports of 54 products to Israel until there is a Gaza ceasefire. Notice of Turkish Export Restrictions [English trans. and Turkish] (9 Apr 2024) Al-Monitor, Turkey restricts exports of 54 products to Israel until Gaza cease-fire (9 Apr 2024) - [General Assembly - Preliminary Consideration of Israel's Application](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/preliminary-considerations-of-israels-application-by-the-general-assembly/) - After referral from the Security Council, Israel's application for membership was at first the subject of back and forth procedural shifts.The General Committee of the General Assembly (which, under the rules, has a role in setting the agenda) met from 5 to 8 Apr 1949 regarding agenda items for the remainder of the Third Session. - [Israel Disconnects Water, Electricity, Food, and Fuel to Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/water-supply-to-gaza-disconnected/) - Israeli Energy Minister orders the immediate disconnect of the water supply to Gaza. Arutz Sheva (9 Oct 2023)Defense Min.: There will be no electricity, food, or fuel to Gaza. Arutz Sheva (9 Oct 2023) - [8 Sep 2023](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/8-sep-2023/) - Second Circuit Court of Appeals declines further consideration of the case. Plaintiffs-Appellants’ Main Brief Intervenor-Appellant's Main Brief Defendants-Appellees’ Answering Brief Plaintiffs-Appellant's Reply Brief Intervenor-Appellant's Reply Brief Oral Argument - 3 May 2023 Court's Ruling Dismissing Plaintiffs' Motion to Recall Mandate - [Nicaragua Files ICJ Case Accusing Germany of Genocide Violations](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/nicaragua-files-icj-case-accusing-germany-of-genocide-violations/) - Nicaragua filed an application instituting proceedings against Germany before the International Court of Justice alleging violations in Gaza under the Genocide Convention. Nicaragua has requested that the Court impose provisional measures against Germany. Nicaraguan application (1 Mar 2024) Annexes ICJ press release – English French (1 Mar 2024) Further Documentation - [South Africa Files ICJ Case Accusing Israel of Genocide](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/south-africa-files-icj-case-accusing-israel-of-genocide/) - South Africa filed an application instituting proceedings against Israel before the International Court of Justice alleging violations by Israel in Gaza under the Genocide Convention. South African application (28 Dec 2023) ICJ press release - English, French (29 Dec 2023) Elad Benari, South Africa urges ICJ to probe Israel for genocide, Arutz Sheva (29 Dec. 2023) - [ICJ Issues Interim Ruling in the South African Genocide Case](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/icj-issues-interim-ruling-in-the-south-african-genocide-case/) - The Court issued its interim ruling concerning South Africa's request for provisional measures, calling for several such measures. Press Release – English French The Court’s Summary – English French The Court's Order – English French Separate opinions Further Documentation - [US Designates Houthis as a Global Terrorist Group](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-designates-houthis-as-a-global-terrorist-group/) - The designation of the Houthis (Ansarallah) comes in response to repeated attacks by the Houthis against international shipping in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Previously, the group was designated as a terrorist group by the Trump Administration in January 2021, but revoked by the Biden Administration in February of that year. Individual Houthi - [EU Adopts Resolution Calling for Dismantling of Hamas and Release of Hostages](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/eu-adopts-resolution-calling-for-dismantling-of-hamas-and-release-of-hostages/) - The resolution adopted by the European Parliament demands that all hostages be immediately and unconditionally released and the terrorist organization Hamas dismantled as a condition for a cease-fire. It also reiterated support for a negotiated two-state solution. Press Release Resolution Video of debate Verbatim report of debate - [Council of Europe Calls for Ceasefire and Dismantling of Hamas](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/pace-adopts-resolution-calling-for-dismantling-of-hamas/) - the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, in a resolution similar to that adopted by the EU on 18 Jan 2024, unequivocally condemned the October 7 attacks and called for a ceasefire provided that the hostages be immediately and unconditionally released and Hamas dismantled. News Release (23 Jan 2024) Resolution 2524 (2024) Report and - [ICJ Hearings on the South African Genocide Case](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/icj-hearings-on-the-south-african-genocide-case/) - Hearings were held on 11 and 12 Jan 2024 concerning South Africa's request for provisional measures. 11 Jan 2024 - Verbatim Record, South Africa 12 Jan 2024 - Verbatim Record, Israel Court's Press Release - 12 Jan 2024 English French Full Documentation - [US and UK Strike Houthis in Yemen](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-and-uk-strike-houthis-in-yemen/) - The US and UK launched military strikes against Houthi targets in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen, in response to continued attacks by the Houthis, after the US and its allies warned that the Iran-backed militant group would bear the consequences of its attacks on commercial shipping in the Red Sea. CNN BBC Al Jazeera Jerusalem Post - [UN Security Council Calls for Release of Hostages and Facilitation of Aid](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-calls-for-release-of-hostages-and-facilitation-of-aid/) - UN Security Council adopted a resolution calling for calling for the appointment of a coordinator for humanitarian aid and for the immediate and unconditional release of the hostages. There were 13 votes in favor and 2 abstentions (United States, and Russia). An oral amendment proposed by Russia that called for a "suspension of hostilities" was - [Israel's Second Application for UN Membership](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/second-application-for-un-membership/) - Israel submits a second application for UN membership (S/1093) along with a declaration of acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter. - [ICJ Advisory Opinion on Conditions for Admission to UN](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/icj-advisory-opinion-on-conditions-for-admission-to-un/) - On 17 Nov 1947, the UN General Assembly requested an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice regarding the conditions of admission of a state to membership in the United Nations. The Court issued its ruling on 28 May 1948, by a 9 to 6 vote.The Court analyzed Article 4, paragraph 1, of the - [Security Council Declines Approval of Israel's Application](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-takes-up-israels-application/) - The Security Council began deliberating Israel's application at its 383rd Meeting on 2 Dec 1948. A number of opinions were expressed that the application was premature. In the end, the matter was referred to the Committee on the Admission of New Members. The Committee replied that it did not have enough information to come to - [Israel Renews Its Application for Membership](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-renews-its-application-for-membership/) - On 24 Feb 1949, Israel renewed its application for membership in a letter from Abba Eban (S1267), Israel's representative at the UN: "I have the honour to refer to document S/1093 (November 29, 1938) in which the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Government of Israel presented the application of Israel for membership in the - [Security Council Recommends Membership](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-recommends-membership/) - The Security Council again took up consideration of Israel's application for membership at its meetings on 3 and 4 Mar 1949. Various Security Council members stated their views in favor or in opposition to the application, as summarized in the Security Council Report to the General Assembly and the UN Yearbook. At the end, the - [General Assembly Considers and Accepts Israel as a Member of the UN](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/general-assembly-considers-and-accepts-israel-as-a-member-of-the-un/) - The UN Yearbook for 1948-49 has a detailed summary of the substantive discussions, arguments, and proposed resolutions concerning Israel's application for membership, before the Ad Hoc Committee and the General Assembly plenary. Ultimately the General Assembly voted to accept Israel as a member, 37 in favor, 12 against, and 9 abstaining. 42nd through 51st Meetings - [South African Parliament Votes for Cutting Relations With Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/south-african-parliament-votes-for-cutting-relations-with-israel/) - The parliamentary motion called for closure of the Israeli embassy and cutting of diplomatic ties until Israel agrees to a ceasefire in Gaza. The vote was 248 in favor and 91 opposing. The motion is not binding and needs government approval to be implemented. The government has not acted on the motion. Parliamentary motion (21 - [General Assembly Adopts Second Gaza Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/general-assembly-adopts-second-gaza-resolution/) - The UN General Assembly, in a reconvened 10th Emergency Session, adopted a non-binding resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire and release of hostages in Gaza. The vote was 153 votes for, 10 against, and 23 abstentions. Two amendments, one proposed by Austria and the other by the United States, seeking an explicit condemnation of Hamas, did - [WHO Executive Board adopts resolution on aid to Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/who-executive-board-adopts-resolution-on-aid-to-gaza/) - In an unprecedented meeting of the organization's Executive Board held on 10 Dec 2023, a resolution was adopted concerning aid for the residents of Gaza. Media Advisory Annotated Agenda Press Release Resolution - Draft (9 Dec 2023) Resolution - Approved (10 Dec 2023) Remarks by Meirav Eilon Shahar, Israeli Ambassador to the UN in Geneva - [Netanyahu Addresses the Nation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/netanyahu-addresses-the-nation/) - Video on-site (Hebrew) YouTube (Hebrew) YouTube (English voice-over) and English transcript - [Red Sea Task Force Formed to Address Houthi Attacks](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/red-sea-task-force-formed-to-address-houthi-attacks/) - The US Defense Secretary announced the establishment of Operation Prosperity Guardian, a multinational security initiative to address the security situation in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. The United Kingdom, Bahrain, Canada, France, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Seychelles, and Spain will join the US in the new mission. Several other countries have also agreed - [General Assembly Adopts Gaza Resolution](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-council-fails-to-pass-either-us-or-russian-resolutions-2/) - The UN General Assembly adopted a non-binding Jordanian resolution calling for an immediate and sustained ‘humanitarian truce’ in Gaza. The vote was 120 votes for, 14 against, and 45 abstentions. An amendment, proposed by Canada and backed by over 35 Member States, including the US, seeking an explicit condemnation of Hamas, did not pass, failing - [UN Security Council Meeting (closed session)](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/un-security-council-meeting-closed-session/) - There was no press release for this closed meeting, nor public minutes. A short communique was issued. Communique - [Hostilities Resumed](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/hostilities-resumed/) - Ceasefire ends, rocket fire, airstrikes resume, Jerusalem Post (1 Dec 2023) IDF providing information to Gazans on how to move to safety, Arutz Sheva (1 Dec 2023) IDF - instructions and map Reactions to the resumption of hostilities, Merit Amit Center (6 Dec 2023) - [Demand that ICRC Take Action to Secure Release of Hostages](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/demand-for-icrc-action-to-secure-hostage-release/) - Shurat HaDin demanded in a letter signed by more than 1550 attorneys and 50 physicians that the International Red Cross take action in accordance with its obligations to secure the release and protection of the hostages taken by Hamas in violation of fundamental principles of international law. Press release Shurat HaDin's letter followed a similar - [IDF Begins Ground Operation in Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-begins-ground-operation-in-gaza/) - Overnight, the IDF began a new phase of the war in Gaza, entering on the ground. This move followed two days of limited, temporary ground operations in Gaza. - [Pause in Hostilities Begins](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/pause-in-hostilities-begins/) - Military operations ceased at 7:00 in the morning. The first release of hostages from Gaza occurred at 16:00. Hostages released on first day (24 Nov 2023) Hostages released on second day (25 Nov 2023) Hostages released on third day (26 Nov 2023) Hostages released on fourth day (27 Nov 2023) Hostages released on fifth day - [Israel Falsely Accused of Bombing Al Ahli Hospital](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-falsely-accused-of-bombing-hospital/) - In the early evening of 17 Oct 2023, a projectile exploded in the parking lot next to the Al Ahli hospital in Gaza City. Hamas within a very short time blamed Israel and claimed more than 500 fatalities. World media immediately repeated the story without seeking any confirmation. Subsequent assessments have shown that the projective - [IDF Enters Shifa Hospital](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-enters-shifa-hospital/) - IDF - Press Release (15 Nov 2023) BBC apologizes for false accusation against the IDF The Jewish Chronicle (15 Nov 2023) Lt. Col. Richard Hecht - We Tried to Tell Them About Shifa Hospital (20 Nov 2023) IDF breaches blast door in Hamas tunnel under Gaza’s Shifa Hospital, Times of Israel (22 Nov 2023) Hamas tunnels - [Announcements on Release of Hostages](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/announcement-about-release-of-hostages/) - Statements by the Israeli Government and the Prime Minister (22 Nov 2023) Statement by Qatar (22 Nov 2023) Israeli cabinet approves partial Gaza hostage deal, Jerusalem Post (22 Nov 2023) Hezbollah says that pause will apply to it, Jerusalem Post (22 Nov 2023) - [US Extends Iran Sanctions Waiver](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-extends-iran-sanctions-waiver/) - The Biden administration extended a sanctions waiver to allow Iran to access upwards of $10 billion in electricity revenue held in escrow in Iraq. Associated Press (14 Nov 2023) Reuters (15 Nov 2023) Congressional Research Service, Moving the Money, Testimony (26 Oct 2023) Congress Should Take Away Iran’s $10 Billion Sanctions Relief, FDD (15 Nov - [UK Parliament Rejects Call for Gaza Ceasefire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/uk-parliament-rejects-call-for-gaza-ceasefire/) - The UK House of Commons rejected two proposals, one calling for extended humanitarian pauses (183 for, 290 opposed), and a second calling for an immediate ceasefire (125 for, 293 opposed). UK House of Commons, Votes and Proceedings (15 Nov 2023) The Jewish Chronicle (15 Nov 2023) - [Hezbollah Leader Nasrallah Speaks in Beirut](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/hezbollah-leader-nasrallah-speaks-in-beirut/) - Hezbollah Secretary Sayyed Hasan Nasrallah speaks on the war. Al-Manar English Website - All Scenarios Open (5 Nov 2023) Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center - 0verview, main points, reactions (7 Nov 2023) L'Orient Today - Nasrallah's follow-up speech (11 Nov 2023) Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center - review of the follow-up speech (13 - [Arab-Islamic Summit Held in Riyadh](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/arab-islamic-summit-held-in-riyadh/) - Arab and Muslim leaders called for an immediate end to military operations in Gaza. However, Saudi Arabia played a pivotal role in rejecting a proposal to sever all ties with Israel. Resolution adopted at the summit Proposal to cut ties with Israel rejected - [Bolivia Cuts Ties With Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/bolivia-cuts-ties-with-israel/) - Bolivia broke relations with Israel, and Columbia, Chile and Jordan recalled their ambassadors. Israel's Foreign Ministry reacted, saying that the step "is a surrender to terrorism and the Ayatollah's regime in Iran." Israel Foreign Ministry (31 Oct 2023) Times of Israel [Bolivia] (1 Nov 2023) Times of Israel [Jordan] (1 Nov 2023) - [Rashida Tlaib Censured](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/rashida-tlaib-censured/) - The U.S. House Representatives censured Representative Rashida Tlaib (D-Mi) for promoting false narratives regarding the 7 Oct 2023 Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the State of Israel. The vote was 228 in favor and 188 against. H.R. 845 Voting Results Ethics Complaint Filed (19 Oct 2023) - [IDF Facilitates Evacuation of Gazan Civilians](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/idf-facilitates-evacuation-of-civilians/) - IDF facilitated the reopening of a humanitarian corridor in order to allow civilians in the northern Gaza Strip to move southward toward safety. Video clip - [Israel Begins Warnings to Gazan Civilians](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-begins-warnings-to-gazan-civilians/) - IDF - An example of how the IDF called for Gazans to evacuate for their safety - [Israel Provides More Water to Gaza](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-provides-more-water-to-gaza/) - Israel opened the second of three water piplines to the southern part of Gaza, allowing approximately 28.5 million liters of water to flow per day. World Israel News (29 Oct 2023) - [Declaration of St. James' Palace](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/the-declaration-of-st-james-palace/) - Representatives of Great Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, and nine exiled governments met at St. James’ Palace in London. In pledging their solidarity to fight aggression until victory against the Axis powers, they signed a declaration, of which Article 3 is viewed as a first step in envisioning the creation - [Houthis in Yemen Signal Entry into the Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/houthis-in-yemen-signal-entry-into-the-conflict/) - France 24 (31 Oct 2023) Reuters (31 Oct 2023) Michael Horton, Houthi missile launches at Israel risk reigniting war in Yemen, Responsible Statecraft (30 Oct 2023) - [Two American-Israeli Hostages Released by Hamas](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/two-american-hostage-released-by-hamas/) - An American-Israeli mother and her daughter were reunited with family after their release by Hamas. Reuters (21 Oct 2023) - [Two More Hostages Released by Hamas](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/two-elderly-women-hostages-released-by-hamas/) - Hamas released two elderly Israeli women: Nurit Cooper, 79, and Yocheved Lifshitz, 85. Their husbands were still being held hostage. Jerusalem Post (24 Oct 2023) - [Israel Restarts Water Supply to Southern Gaza Strip](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israel-restarts-water-supply-to-southern-gaza-strip/) - Israel restarts water supply to southern Gaza Strip. Reuters (15 Oct 2023) - [EU Abandons Aid Freeze](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/eu-abandons-aid-freeze/) - EU Quickly Abandons the Aid Freeze to the Palestinian Authority. Jerusalem Post (10 Oct 2023) Reuters (10 Oct 2023) - [EU Freezes Development Aid](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/eu-freezes-development-aid/) - The European Commission announces an urgent review of its financial assistance for Palestine. Press Release (9 Oct 2023) - [US House of Representatives Adopts Resolution of Support](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/resolution-of-support-by-the-us-house-of-representatives/) - The US House of Representatives adopted Resolution H.R. 771 - "Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists." The resolution was overwhelmingly approved by a vote of 412 in favor, 10 against, 6 present, and 5 not voting. - [US Puts Hold on $6 Billion Disbursement to Iran](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/us-puts-hold-on-6-billion-disbursement-to-iran/) - US puts a hold on the disbursement of $6 billion to Iran as previously agreed. Reuters (12 Oct 2023) Gregg Roman, U.S. Denial of $6 Billion to Iran Is Its Latest Display of Pro-Israel Resolve, Middle East Forum (18 Oct 2023) - [EU Parliament Calls for Elimination of Hamas](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/eu-parliament-calls-for-elimination-of-hamas/) - EU Parliament calls for the elimination of Hamas - 500 votes for, 21 against, 24 abstentions Resolution 2023/2899(RSP)) ¶ 1, p. 2 Press Release - [16 Sep 2003](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/16-sep-2003/) - Plaintiff files Complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. - [7 Sep 2004](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/7-sep-2004/) - The District Court issues a Memorandum Opinion dismissing the case for lack of standing and presentation of a nonjusticiable political question. - [7 Jun 2006](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/7-jun-2006/) - D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals reverses and remands to the District Court, ruling that Zivotofsky did have standing, and that the issue of justiciability should be subject to further factual development. - [9 Sep 2007](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/9-sep-2007/) - On remand, the District Court in a Memorandum Opinion, again dismisses the case, concluding that it presents a political question — the political status of Jerusalem — and therefore is not justiciable. - [10 Jul 2009](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/10-jul-2009/) - The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals affirms the District Court's decision. - [29 Jun 2010](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/29-jun-2010/) - D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals denies Zivotofsky's petition for rehearing en banc, by a split court with a dissenting statement by Senior Circuit Judge Edwards. - [23 Jul 2013](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/23-jul-2013/) - The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals again affirms the District Court's 2007 decision, this time on a different ground, holding that the statute in question impermissibly intrudes on the President’s exclusive constitutional authority to decide whether and on what terms to recognize foreign nations. Transcript of Oral Argument - [Paris Peace Conference](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/paris-peace-conference/) - The Paris Peace Conference was called to establish the terms of peace after World War I and convened on 18 Jan 1919. The proceedings, dominated by the leaders of the United States (Woodrow Wilson), Britain (David George Lloyd), France (Georges Clemenceau), and Italy (Vittorio Emanuele Orlando), involved diplomats from 32 countries. Wilson arrived at the - [2nd Intifada Begins](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/start-of-2nd-intifada/) - The general triggers for the unrest are speculated to have been centered on the failure of the July 2000 Camp David Summit, which had been expected to reach a final agreement on the Israeli–Palestinian peace process. - [Secret Negotiations](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/secret-negotiations/) - [Israeli prime ministerial election](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israeli-prime-ministerial-election/) - Prime ministerial elections were held in Israel on 6 February 2001 following the resignation of the incumbent Prime Minister Ehud Barak on 9 December 2000. Barak stood for re-election against Likud's Ariel Sharon.The third and last prime ministerial elections (separate elections were scrapped before the next Knesset elections in 2003), they were the only ones - [Israeli General Election](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/israeli-general-election/) - Early general elections for both the Prime Minister and the Knesset were held in Israel on 17 May 1999 following a vote of no confidence in the government; the incumbent Likud Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, ran for re-election.This election was only the second time in Israeli history an election had been held for the Prime - [Assassination of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/assassination-of-prime-minister-yitzhak-rabin/) - [15 Jun 2022](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/15-jun-2022/) - The District Court issues a Memorandum Decision and Order denying plaintiffs' motion for reconsideration. - [Preliminary Proposals](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/drafting-of-proposals/) - A number of proposals for an association of nations were developed under government auspices prior to the 11 Nov 1918 armistice which ended the war.1 In January 1918, shortly after Wilson's Fourteen Point speech, British Foreign Secretary, Lord Balfour, appointed a Committee "on the League of Nations", chaired by Sir Walter Phillimore.2 The Committee was - [Startup](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/startup/) - First Formal Meetings The League held its first Council meeting on 16 January 1920 in Paris. [comment on the first meeting by the Secretary-General] The League's headquarters were moved to the Palace of Nations in Geneva in November 1920. The Assembly's first session took place from 15 November to 18 December 1920. The First Assembly, - [Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points Speech](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/woodrow-wilsons-fourteen-point-speech/) - In his speech before a joint session of the United States Congress, President Wilson offered his view of war aims and peace terms. His plan not only dealt with territorial issues but offered principles upon which a long-term peace might be built, including the establishment of a association of nations to guard against future wars. - [The League During WWII](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/league-activities-during-wwii/) - During the war, neither the Assembly nor the Council met, and the Supervisory Commission assumed the powers allocated to it by the Assembly resolutions of 1938 and 1939. The League Secretariat remained in Geneva with a greatly reduced staff, while a number of League bodies were dispersed elsewhere for the duration of the conflict: The - [Israel's First Application for UN Membership](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/first-application-for-un-membership/) - On the afternoon of 14 May 1948, David Ben-Gurion publicly read Israel's Declaration of Independence at the Tel Aviv Museum. One of the clauses in the Declaration, anticipating Israel's seeking membership in the United Nations, stated (translation): "WE APPEAL to the United Nations to assist the Jewish people in the building-up of its State and - [Security Council Adopts Rules for Admission of New Members](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/security-councils-adoption-of-rules-for-admission-of-new-members/) - Israel submits a second application for UN membership (S/1093) along with a declaration of acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter. - [General Assembly Adopts Procedure for New Member Applications](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/adoption-of-procedure-for-considering-new-member-applications/) - Israel submits a second application for UN membership (S/1093) along with a declaration of acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter. - [21 Dec 2018](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/21-dec-2018/) - Plaintiffs commence a related proceeding, Estate of Esther Klieman, et al. v. Palestinian Authority, et al, (18 cv 03013, D.D.C.), filing their complaint on 21 Dec 2021. The action has been stayed by court order. - [27 Apr 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/2-apr-2018/) - The U.S. Supreme Court, in response to plaintiffs' new Petition for Certiorari, remands the case to the Court of Appeals for further consideration in light of the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019. Petition for a Writ of Certiorari Supplemental Brief for Petitioners Brief in Opposition Reply Brief for Petitioners - [27 Apr 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/27-apr-2020/) - The U.S. Supreme Court, in response to plaintiffs' Petition for Certiorari, remands the case to the Court of Appeals for further consideration in light of the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019. Petition for a Writ of Certiorari Supplemental Brief for Petitioners Brief in Opposition Reply Brief for Petitioners Second - [2 Dec 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/2-dec-2020/) - District Court issues Memorandum Opinion and Order granting plaintiffs' request to proceed with jurisdictional discovery. - [18 Aug 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/18-aug-2020/) - The Court of Appeals, following instructions from the Supreme Court, issues a Mandate remanding the case to the District Court for further proceedings in light of the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019. - [20 Dec 2019](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/20-dec-2019/) - Enactment of the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019 (§ 903 of P.L. 116-94). This law expanded federal court jurisdiction over the Palestinian Authority and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in civil claims by Americans injured or killed by international acts of terrorism that were sponsored by the PA or - [20 Dec 2019](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/20-dec-2019-2/) - Enactment of the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019 (§ 903 of P.L. 116-94). This law expanded federal court jurisdiction over the Palestinian Authority and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in civil claims by Americans injured or killed by international acts of terrorism that were sponsored by the PA or - [3 Oct 2018](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/3-oct-2018/) - Enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Clarification Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-253). The Act amended federal criminal law by, among other things, allowing federal courts to exercise personal jurisdiction over a foreign non-state defendant that accepts benefits from the United States (e.g., foreign assistance). In response, the Palestinian Authority renounces all financial assistance from the United States - [3 Oct 2018](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/3-oct-2018-2/) - Enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Clarification Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-253). The Act amended federal criminal law by, among other things, allowing federal courts to exercise personal jurisdiction over a foreign non-state defendant that accepts benefits from the United States (e.g., foreign assistance). In response, the Palestinian Authority renounces all financial assistance from the United States - [14 May 2019](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/14-may-2019/) - Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia affirms the ruling of the District Court, finding a lack of personal jurisdiction over defendants. - [27 Dec 2018](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/27-dec-2018-2/) - Plaintiffs commence an additional related proceeding in New York, Kesner, et al. v. Palestinian Authority, et al, (18 cv 12238, S.D.N.Y.), filing their complaint on 27 Dec 2021. The action has also been stayed by court order. - [3 Mar 2015](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/3-mar-2015/) - Following the Supreme Court holding in Daimler AG v. Bauman, 134 S. Ct. 746 (2014), defendants again move for reconsideration on the ground of lack of personal jurisdiction. In light of Daimler the Court issues an Opinion and Order granting defendants' motion to reconsider the Court's ruling on personal jurisdiction, and dismisses the lawsuit in - [24 Apr 2008](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/24-apr-2008/) - Court Issues Memorandum Opinion and Order denying defendants' motion to reconsider the Court's ruling on personal jurisdiction. - [18 Apr 2008](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/18-apr-2008/) - Court issues Opinion and Order partially granting defendants' motion to dismiss due to insufficient service, but only as to individual defendants. - [29 Dec 2006](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/29-dec-2006/) - Court issues Opinion and Order conditionally granting defendants' motion to dismiss if plaintiffs did not effect proper service within 30 days. - [30 Mar 2006](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/30-mar-2006/) - Court issues Opinion and Order denying defendants' motion to dismiss (based on claims concerning sovereign immunity, non-justiciability, act of war, and international terrorism), and granting plaintiffs' motion for partial summary judgment on the issue of sovereign immunity.. - [30 Sep 2008](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/30-september/) - Court issues Memorandum Decision and Order denying defendants' motion to dismiss (based on subject matter and personal jurisdiction, and failure to state a claim). - [13 Jul 2004](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/13-jul-2004/) - Plaintiffs file Complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. - [24 Mar 2022](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/24-mar-2022/) - The District Court having rendered its decision, the Court of Appeals issues an Order recalling the mandate and reinstating the appeal. - [10 Mar 2022](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/10-mar-2022/) - The District Court issues a Memorandum Decision and Order concluding that the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019 is applicable to the case, but that the statute is unconstitutional. - [27 Dec 2018](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/27-dec-2018/) - Plaintiffs commence a parallel lawsuit involving the same terror attacks in Israel, filing their complaint in the District Court. The case was stayed and placed on the suspense docket on 16 Sep 2019. - [8 Sep 2020](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/8-sep-2020/) - The Court of Appeals, following instructions from the Supreme Court, issues a Mandate remanding the case to the District Court for the limited purposes of determining (1) the applicability of the Promoting Security and Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 2019 to the case, and (2), if the Act is determined to apply, any - [3 Jun 2019](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/3-jun-2019/) - Second Circuit Court of Appeals denies plaintiffs' motion to recall the mandate it issued, holding again that the federal courts lacked personal jurisdiction over the defendants. - [31 Aug 2016](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/31-aug-2016/) - Second Circuit Court of Appeals reverses the ruling of the District Court, finding a lack of personal jurisdiction over the defendants, and remanding to the District Court with instructions to dismiss the case for lack of jurisdiction. Defendants-Appellants' Main Brief Plaintiffs-Appellees' Answering Brief Dismissal Order, pursuant to Second Circuit Mandate - [24 Aug 2015](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/24-aug-2015/) - Court issues Order denying defendants' post-trial motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, or alternatively, for judgment as a matter of law or new trial. - [19 Nov 2014](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/19-nov-2014/) - Court issues Order denying in part and granting in part defendants' motion for summary judgment. - [1 Dec 2014](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/1-dec-2014/) - Court issues Memorandum Decision and Order denying defendants' motions for summary judgment and dismissal (personal jurisdiction). - [16 Jun 2014](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/16-jun-2014/) - Court issues Order denying defendants' motion to reconsider denial of its earlier motion to dismiss (personal jurisdiction). - [30 Mar 2011](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/30-mar-2011/) - Court issues Memorandum Decision and Opinion denying defendants' new motion to dismiss (personal jurisdiction). - [16 Jan 2004](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/16-jan-2004/) - Plaintiffs file Complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. - [1 Oct 2015](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/1-oct-2015/) - The Court issues Judgment against defendants in the amount of the total jury verdict of $218.5 million, trebled automatically pursuant to the Antiterrorism Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2333(a), for a total award of $655.5 million. - [14 Jan to 23 Feb 2015](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/14-jan-to-23-feb-2015/) - Jury trial begins with opening statements presented on January 14, 2015. On February 23, at conclusion of the trial, the Manhattan jury found the Palestinian Authority and the PLO responsible for supporting the terror attacks, awarding the plaintiffs $218.5 million in damages. - [23 May 2005](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/23-may-2005/) - First Amended Complaint filed. - [UNSCOP Meetings](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/unscop-meetings/) - Records of the meetings of the UN Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP), 1947 - [General Assembly Resolution 96(I)](https://www.lawandisrael.org/timeline/general-assembly-resolution-a-96i/) - By Resolution 96(I) of 11 December 1946, the General Assembly, affirming that genocide is a crime under international law which the civilized world condemns, invited Member States to enact the necessary legislation for the prevention and punishment of that crime, recommended that international cooperation be organized to that effect and requested the Economic and Social ## Categories - [Pre-Mandate](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/pre-mandate/) - [Establishment of State of Israel](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/establishment-of-state-of-israel/) - [Future of Ottoman Empire](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/future-of-ottoman-empire/) - [Anglo-American Committee](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/anglo-american-committee/) - [BDS Background](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/bds-background/) - [UN Creation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/un-creation/) - [Genocide](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/genocide/) - [Oslo](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/oslo/) - [LoN Creation](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/lon-creation/) - [Gaza-2021 Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/gaza-2021-conflict/) - Operation Guardian of the Walls - [Gaza-2014 Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/gaza-2014-conflict/) - Operation Protective Edge - [Gaza-2012 Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/gaza-2012-conflict/) - Operation Pillar of Defense - [Gaza-2008 Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/gaza-2008-conflict/) - Operation Cast Lead - [UNSCOP](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/unscop/) - [Sokolow](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/sokolow/) - [Zivotofsky](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/zivotofsky/) - [Klieman](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/klieman/) - [UN Membership](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/un-membership/) - [Gaza-2023 Conflict](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/gaza-2023-conflict/) - Operation Swords of Iron - [Lebanon War-2024](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/lebanon-war-2024/) - [Iran War 2024](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/iran-war-2024/) - [Syria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/syria/) - [Houthis](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/houthis/) - [Judea & Samaria](https://www.lawandisrael.org/ctl-stories/judea-samaria/) ## Download Categories - [Paris Conference](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_categories/paris-conference/) - [UNCIO](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_categories/uncio/) - [PMC Minutes](https://www.lawandisrael.org/sdm_categories/pmc-minutes/)